Advertisement
Browse Subject Areas
?

Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field.

For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click here.

  • Loading metrics

Open Access

Retraction

Retraction: The impact of trade and financial expansion on volatility of real exchange rate

  • The PLOS One Editors

The PLOS One Editors retract this article [1] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about peer review integrity and potential manipulation of the publication process. These concerns call into question the validity and provenance of the reported results. We regret that the issues were not identified prior to the article’s publication.

The author either did not respond directly or could not be reached.

Reference

  1. 1. Chen Z. The impact of trade and financial expansion on volatility of real exchange rate. PLoS One. 2022;17(1):e0262230. pmid:35061782

Citation: The PLOS One Editors (2025) Retraction: The impact of trade and financial expansion on volatility of real exchange rate. PLoS ONE 20(3): e0320447. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320447

Published: March 13, 2025

Copyright: © 2025 The PLOS One Editors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.