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Open Access

Retraction

Retraction: Gastroprotective Activity of Ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene) Amino]benzoate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Ulcer in Rats

  • The PLOS ONE Editors

Following the publication of this article [1], concerns were raised regarding reuse of results presented in Figs 6, 7, and 8. Specifically,

  • The Fig 6d panel appears to partially overlap with Fig 9 panel G7 of [2, corrected in 3, retracted in 4] when rotated, despite being used to represent different experimental conditions.
  • Fig 7a of this article [1] appears similar to Fig 8G of [5, retracted in 6], despite being used to represent different experimental conditions.
  • Fig 7e of this article [1] appears to fully or partially overlap with the following results, despite being used to represent different experimental conditions:
    1. ○ Fig 7G of [5, retracted in 6]
    2. ○ Fig 4e of [7, corrected in 8]*
    3. ○ Fig 8C of [9]
    4. ○ Fig 4e of [10]
    5. ○ Fig 5F of [11]
    6. ○ Fig 5 panel G3 of [12, retracted in 13]
  • Fig 8a panel of this article [1] appears to overlap with the following results, despite being used to represent different experimental conditions:
    1. ○ Fig 5a of [10]
    2. ○ Fig 6 panel G1 of [12, retracted in 13]
    3. ○ Fig 10A of [14]
    4. ○ Fig 6D of [15, retracted in 16]*

The authors did not provide a response to the concerns raised with this article and did not provide the data underlying this study for editorial review. Given the nature and extent of the issues, the PLOS ONE Editors are concerned about the reliability of data management and/or reporting for this study [1].

In light of the above concerns, the PLOS ONE Editors retract this article.

Some figure panels discussed above appear to report previously published material that are offered under a CC BY license, but the original articles were not attributed in [1]. For these images, the * by the citation, above, marks the oldest publication of the image of which PLOS is aware.

PH, AN, and MAA agreed with the retraction. MH responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. MFH, RMS, DAB, NSAW, and AA either did not respond directly or could not be reached. MAA stands by the article’s findings.

References

  1. 1. Halabi MF, Shakir RM, Bardi DA, Al-Wajeeh NS, Ablat A, Hassandarvish P, et al. (2014) Gastroprotective Activity of Ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene) Amino]benzoate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Ulcer in Rats. PLoS ONE 9(5): e95908. pmid:24800807
  2. 2. Saeed AL-Wajeeh N, Halabi MF, Hajrezaie M, M. Dhiyaaldeen S, Abdulaziz Bardi D, M. Salama S, et al. (2016) The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0157431. pmid:27689880
  3. 3. AL-Wajeeh NS, Halabi MF, Hajrezaie M, Dhiyaaldeen SM, Abdulaziz Bardi D, Salama SM, et al. (2017) Correction: The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0179072. pmid:28562654
  4. 4. The PLOS ONE Editors (2023) Retraction: The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294006.
  5. 5. Nordin N, Salama SM, Golbabapour S, Hajrezaie M, Hassandarvish P, Kamalidehghan B, et al. (2014) Anti-Ulcerogenic Effect of Methanolic Extracts from Enicosanthellum pulchrum (King) Heusden against Ethanol-Induced Acute Gastric Lesion in Animal Models. PLoS ONE 9(11): e111925. pmid:25379712
  6. 6. The PLOS ONE Editors (2023) Retraction: Anti-Ulcerogenic Effect of Methanolic Extracts from Enicosanthellum pulchrum (King) Heusden against Ethanol-Induced Acute Gastric Lesion in Animal Models. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294008.
  7. 7. Ismail IF, Golbabapour S, Hassandarvish P, Hajrezaie M, Majid NA, Kadir FA, et al. (2012) Gastroprotective Activity of Polygonum chinense Aqueous Leaf Extract on Ethanol-Induced Hemorrhagic Mucosal Lesions in Rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Volume 2012, Article ID 404012. pmid:23365597
  8. 8. Ismail IF, Golbabapour S, Hassandarvish P, Hajrezaie M, Majid NA, Kadir FA, et al. (2018) Corrigendum to “Gastroprotective Activity of Polygonum chinense Aqueous Leaf Extract on Ethanol-Induced Hemorrhagic Mucosal Lesions in Rats”. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Volume 2018, Article ID 8961462. pmid:30647764
  9. 9. Ibrahim IAA, Hussein AI, Muter MS, Mohammad AT, Al-Medhtiy MA, Shareef SH, et al. (2022) Effect of nano silver on gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced stomach ulcer in rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 154. pmid:35994814
  10. 10. Al Batran R, Abdulla MA, Al-Obaidi MMJ, Hajrezaei M, Hassandarvish P, Fouad M, et al. (2013) Gastroprotective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in rats. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 28(8): 1321–1329. pmid:23611708
  11. 11. Sidahmed HMA, Azizan AHS, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, Taha MME, et al. (2013) Gastroprotective effect of desmosdumotin C isolated from Mitrella kentii against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal hemorrhage in rats: possible involvement of glutathione, heat-shock protein-70, sulfhydryl compounds, nitric oxide, and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 13: 183. pmid:23866830
  12. 12. Al Batran R, Al-Bayaty F, Jamil Al-Obaidi MM, Abdualkader AM, Hadi HA, Ali HM, et al. (2013) In Vivo Antioxidant and Antiulcer Activity of Parkia speciosa Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. PLoS ONE 8(5): e64751. pmid:23724090
  13. 13. The PLOS ONE Editors (2023) Retraction: In Vivo Antioxidant and Antiulcer Activity of Parkia speciosa Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294012.
  14. 14. Saremi K, Rad SK, Tayeby F, Abdulla MA, Karimian H & Majid NA (2019) Gastroprotective activity of a novel Schiff base derived dibromo substituted compound against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions in rats. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 20: 13. pmid:30770761
  15. 15. Ketuly K A., Hadi AH A., Golbabapour S, Hajrezaie M, Hassandarvish P, Ali HM, et al. (2013) Acute Toxicity and Gastroprotection Studies with a Newly Synthesized Steroid. PLoS ONE 8(3): e59296. pmid:23516624
  16. 16. The PLOS ONE Editors (2023) Retraction: Acute Toxicity and Gastroprotection Studies with a Newly Synthesized Steroid. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294010.

Citation: The PLOS ONE Editors (2023) Retraction: Gastroprotective Activity of Ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene) Amino]benzoate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Ulcer in Rats. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294007. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294007

Published: November 10, 2023

Copyright: © 2023 The PLOS ONE Editors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.