Peer Review History

Original SubmissionOctober 3, 2024
Decision Letter - Muhammad Farooq Umer, Editor

PONE-D-24-41152The mHealth clinical decision-making tools for maternal and perinatal health care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic reviewPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Olomi,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

This manuscript is well written but still needs a few corrections. 

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We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Muhammad Farooq Umer, PhD Epidemiology and Health Statistics

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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Please remove them and upload them with the file type 'Supporting Information'. Please ensure that each Supporting Information file has a legend listed in the manuscript after the references list.

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: Good effort by the authors.

The few numbers of studies identified and analyses is an indication of the need to have more standardized and comprehensive documentations and research around mHealth in the SSA.

In line 395, the following it was mentioned that, "However, as previous reviews have identified...." It would be better to have references of some of these previous reviews.

In line 398, "To our knowledge, this is the only review written about mHealth clinical-decision-making tools

399 used in maternal healthcare in SSA." The authors need to be more cautious in the framing of their assertion. This seemed to contradict some of the discussion in line 407 - 410. The authors should check.

Between line 442 to 449, "review used a comprehensive search strategy, including a grey literature search" was mentioned as limitation and as strength. Limitations and the strengths sections of the manuscript should be revised and made clearers.

Once again, this is a very good attempt by the authors.

Best!

Reviewer #2: It was a nice oppertunity to review this manuscrpt. I have come comments below:

1. Period is missing in line 86

2. E-Health missing in line 89.

3. Reference missing in sentence of line 91 and 92.

4. What is LMICs in page 89?

5. I would suggest deleting “which was achieved as indicated in the results section part” in line 119.

6. I suggest rewriting the Materials and Methods section since there are many titles. Registration should not be the part of Method please include elsewhere. In review question section please explain in sentences rather than presenting a table. I would asl o advise not to include bullet sentences in inclusion and exclusion criteria. Please correct to Literature Search in line 151. In line 153 “Date restrictions…….please rephrase it.

7. In lines 163 and 164 authors mentioned “independent reviewers” who are also listed in the authors of the manuscripts please clarify this.

8. The quality appraisal in line 173 is not clear. Please rephrase it.

9. I suggest the table 1A, Table 1B and Table 2 should be mentioned in Data Synthesis and listed in the appendix rather than keeping in the main body of the manuscript.

10. In line 196 the “Figure 1” please include (appendix 1)

11. Design of Studies of line197 should move in Methodology and Method section.

12. I see quality Appraisal in line 238 as well. Please include in Methodology and Methods.

13. The title intervention Context is duplicated in line 245 and 269. I am not clear why it is in the results section. I also noticed that Infrastructure, data storage and technical aspects of line 289 is part of the methodology.

14. The subtitle of Results in line 310 was in italics.

15. Subtitles of Strength and limitations are in italics.

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Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes:  Shreedhar Acharya, NOSM University, Sudbury, Ontario

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Revision 1

Ms. Gaudensia A. Olomi

Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College

Box 2240 Moshi Kilimanjaro Tanzania

g.olomi@kcri.ac.tz/olomigaudensia@yahoo.com

02 January, 2025

Muhammad Farooq Umer,

PhD Epidemiology and Health Statistics,

Academic Editor,

PLOS ONE.

Dear Muhammad

Re: Response to reviewers’ comments on manuscript submission for publication titled “The mHealth clinical decision-making tools for maternal and perinatal health care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review”

We would like to thank you for giving us the opportunity to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process

We value the time and effort you and the reviewers took to offer insightful comments on this manuscript. We were able to make adjustments to take into account every reviewer's comment.

Here is a point-by-point response to the reviewers’ comments and concerns.

Table1 response to reviewer comments

Comment Response

1. In line 395, the following it was mentioned that, "However, as previous reviews have identified...." It would be better to have references of some of these previous reviews.

-Response; We have updated this section to include references for reviews that have identified as such. See line 353 in the manuscript (previously line 395).

2. In line 399, "To our knowledge, this is the only review written about mHealth clinical-decision-making tools used in maternal healthcare in SSA." The authors need to be more cautious in the framing of their assertion. This seemed to contradict some of the discussion in line 407 - 410. The authors should check.

Response; Thank you for raising this point as we have rechecked and confirm there is a contradiction. The assertation has been reworded “To the best of our knowledge, this is one of few reviews that specifically examined the use of mHealth clinical-decision-making tools in maternal healthcare in SSA” in line 354-355 (previously line 399). Another rewording has made in the line 364-373 (previously line 407-410) “Our review is consistent with findings from other reviews on mHealth technologies [57, 58], our work bring attention to these issues within the specific context of SSA, a region that has been underrepresented in the literature. One recent review of mHealth interventions in maternal, newborn and child health in LMICs similarly found a high risk of bias due to inappropriate randomization and incomplete data. Our review reinforces these concerns, showing that many of the included articles do not report enough data to adequately assess the risk of bias in methodologies [60]. These common findings highlight the need for improved study design, reporting and transparency in mHealth interventions to ensure their effectiveness in maternal healthcare”.

3. Between line 442 to 449, "review used a comprehensive search strategy, including a grey literature search" was mentioned as limitation and as strength. Limitations and the strengths sections of the manuscript should be revised and made clearers.

-Response; Many thanks for this correction. We have updated the limitations and strengths section, see line 405-413 (previously line 442-449). Grey literature remained in the section of strengths of this review in the study as it was written but in the limitation of this review section it has been written “The inclusion of this systematic review was limited to original articles and grey literature that were published in English”

Reviewer #2

1. Period is missing in line 86

-Response; Many thanks for your careful observation. We have amended this section to be grammatically correct, please see “However, many mHealth and eHealth initiatives have not reached their full potential as few countries have fully transitioned from paper-based medical records to electronic systems [7, 8].” line 86-88 (previously line 86).

2. E-Health missing in line 89

-Response; We agree with the reviewer, The word “e-Health” has been added, see line 89.

3. Reference missing in sentence of line 91 and 92

-Response; Thank you for this observation. We agree with this comment; the reference has been added, line 93 (previously line 91 and 92) in the manuscript.

4. What is LMICs in page 89?

-Response; Acronym expanded “low and middle-income countries (LMICs)” in line 90 (previously line 89) of the manuscript.

5. I would suggest deleting “which was achieved as indicated in the results section part” in line 119

-Response; Thank you for your observation on this review, this has been removed, line 120-121 (previously line 119) in the manuscript.

6. I suggest rewriting the Materials and Methods section since there are many titles. Registration should not be the part of Method please include elsewhere. In review question section please explain in sentences rather than presenting a table. I would asl o advise not to include bullet sentences in inclusion and exclusion criteria. Please correct to Literature Search in line 151. In line 153 “Date restrictions……. please rephrase it.

-Response; Many thanks for this feedback. We have included the registration section in the Methods as this is where PLOS One guidelines suggest to include protocols associated with the article (https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-materials-and-methods). We have decided to present our SPIDER framework as a table as it is more clearly outlines each part of the framework of question building. We have amended the eligibility criteria to be in paragraphs rather than bullet points (line 135-145), and corrected to “Literature search” line 146 (previously line 151) in the manuscript. The date restriction sentence already paraphrased, “Since "mHealth" was not a commonly used term before 2000, date constraints were not applied” see line 153 (148-150) of the manuscript. Although this is our preference, we are happy to re-consider if the editor and/or reviewer insist on this change.

7. In lines 163 and 164 authors mentioned “independent reviewers” who are also listed in the authors of the manuscripts please clarify this.

-Response; Many thanks for this clarification. By ‘independent reviewers’, we meant that the two reviewers, who are manuscript authors, reviewed the citations independently of each other, being blinded of the others’ decision until all citations were screened. We have amended this wording to make this clearer, “Two reviewers (GO and LC) completed both stages of screening independently of each other, with any disputes resolved by a third author (AK)”. line 160-161 (previously line 163-164) of the manuscript.

8. The quality appraisal in line 173 is not clear. Please rephrase it.

-Response; We have amended the quality appraisal section, “Quality appraisal using either the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, for cluster randomized control trials, or the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, for non-randomized trials, was attempted for studies reporting quantitative outcomes[28, 29]. The appraisal was incomplete and abandoned as many articles did not report sufficient data to complete the tools, see line 170-173 (previously line 173) in the manuscript.

9. I suggest the table 1A, Table 1B and Table 2 should be mentioned in Data Synthesis and listed in the appendix rather than keeping in the main body of the manuscript.

-Response; Thank you for the valuable comment. We have included mention of the tables in the data synthesis section, “We categorized articles into two tables according to whether they reported quantitative technology-impacted health outcomes (table 1a) or not (table 1b). We also tabulated technology details (table 2)” line 179-181 of the manuscript.

10. In line 196 the “Figure 1” please include (appendix 1)

-Response; Agreed, we included, ““Figure 1” (appendix 1)”. in line 187 (previously line 196) of the manuscript.

11. Design of Studies of line197 should move in Methodology and Method section.

-Response; We have kept the study design information in the results section as this describes the design of the studies identified by our literature search. As this information can only be obtained from having conducted the search, it belongs in the results section rather than the methods.

12. I see quality Appraisal in line 238 as well. Please include in Methodology and Methods.

-Response; Thank you for this comment. We have moved the appraisal section as requested. See line 170-173 (previously line 238) in the manuscript.

13. The title intervention Context is duplicated in line 245 and 269. I am not clear why it is in the results section. I also noticed that Infrastructure, data storage and technical aspects of line 289 is part of the methodology.

-Response; Many thanks for this observation. We have included these in the results section as intervention context, see line 203 (previously line 245) and intervention content in line 226 (previously line 269) are specific items extracted from the data, and hence belong in the results section – the same is true of infrastructure, data storage and technology in line 246 (previously line 289) of the manuscript.

14. The subtitle of Results in line 310 was in italics.

-Response; Thank you for your constructive comment. We have changed these subtitles so as not to be in italics “Feasibility of the technology” in line 266 (previously line 310) of the manuscript.

15. Subtitles of Strength and limitations are in italics.

-Response; Agreed. The subtitles have been changed as per suggested, “Strength and Limitations” in line 380.

We look forward to hearing from you in due time regarding our submission and to respond to any further questions and comments you may have.

Yours sincerely

Gaudensia Olomi

Decision Letter - Muhammad Farooq Umer, Editor

The mHealth clinical decision-making tools for maternal and perinatal health care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

PONE-D-24-41152R1

Dear Dr. Olomi,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

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If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they’ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact onepress@plos.org.

Kind regards,

Muhammad Farooq Umer, PhD Epidemiology and Health Statistics

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

**********

3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

**********

4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

**********

5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

**********

6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: The comments are addressed. Kudos for the efforts . I encourage all the authors to continue to explore more research opportunities and contribute to the body of knowledge.

Best wishes.

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean? ). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy .

Reviewer #1: No

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Formally Accepted
Acceptance Letter - Muhammad Farooq Umer, Editor

PONE-D-24-41152R1

PLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Olomi,

I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now being handed over to our production team.

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Kind regards,

PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staff

on behalf of

Dr. Muhammad Farooq Umer

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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