Peer Review History

Original SubmissionDecember 27, 2023
Decision Letter - Amir Hossein Behnoush, Editor

PONE-D-23-43698CT and MR Utilization and Morbidity Metrics Across Body Mass IndexPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Nguyen,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

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We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Amir Hossein Behnoush

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: The study titled "CT and MR Utilization and Morbidity Metrics Across Body Mass Index" investigated the association between BMI groups and CT and MRI utilization. The study is well-written. Strengths of this study include large sample size and comprehensive analysis. However, comorbidities have not been considered as a covariable. I have some comments for improvement:

- Abbreviations should be defined in their first use. I found several abbreviations that have not been defined in their first use. Make sure you are only using abbreviated forms after the definition.

- Add more data to the knowledge gap of the introduction.

- Upload figures with higher quality in the revised version.

Reviewer #2: This is an interesting study where the authors have collected a very large and unique dataset. The paper is generally well written and structured. However, in my opinion the paper has some shortcomings in regard to some data analyses and text, and I feel this dataset has not been utilized to its full extent. I believe that the section 3, data analysis, needs some more words regarding the statistical analysis. Furthermore, it would be great if we also know the sex, as in older ages, women use imaging utilization more often as a consequence of osteoporosis and falls. I think that there is a deeper explanation regarding BMI and imaging utilization, and it would be nice if the authors explain the reasons beyond the BMI. Moreover, the authors haven’t explained the SES groups, which socioeconomic class has the lowest income? Also, I suggest the authors to cite more literature.

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Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: No

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Revision 1

Response to Reviewers (please refer to the uploaded Response to Reviewers document)

We would like to thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and constructive feedback. The manuscript has been revised to address all reviewer comments, and we believe it has improved substantially in clarity and rigor. Based on some of the reviewer suggestions to evaluate other variables, we re-queried the database to obtain additional data elements. Keep in mind that because the Cosmos system is updated periodically as new institutions are added, any new data query would produce slightly different numbers. We have meticulously updated all results text, tables, and figures to reflect the data from the most recent data query, which now includes 49 million patients, which is more than the 41.5 million patients available at the time of our initial data query. Responses to individual comments are listed below.

Reviewer #1: The study titled "CT and MR Utilization and Morbidity Metrics Across Body Mass Index" investigated the association between BMI groups and CT and MRI utilization. The study is well-written. Strengths of this study include large sample size and comprehensive analysis. However, comorbidities have not been considered as a covariable. I have some comments for improvement:

- Abbreviations should be defined in their first use. I found several abbreviations that have not been defined in their first use. Make sure you are only using abbreviated forms after the definition.

We have updated the manuscript to ensure that all abbreviations are spelled out at first mention and that only abbreviated terms are used subsequently.

- Add more data to the knowledge gap of the introduction.

The introduction has been updated with a few additional references and statements to more clearly describe the knowledge gap.

- Upload figures with higher quality in the revised version.

Figures have been processed through the PACE software to comply with the journal’s image quality standards.

Reviewer #2: This is an interesting study where the authors have collected a very large and unique dataset. The paper is generally well written and structured. However, in my opinion the paper has some shortcomings in regard to some data analyses and text, and I feel this dataset has not been utilized to its full extent. I believe that the section 3, data analysis, needs some more words regarding the statistical analysis. Furthermore, it would be great if we also know the sex, as in older ages, women use imaging utilization more often as a consequence of osteoporosis and falls.

We have requeried the database to obtain patient sex as an additional independent variable. Note that because the database is periodically updated, any requery results in minor changes to the previously reported numbers. We have updated all figures and tables and have ensured all references to quantitative data in the text remain accurate based on the most recent data query.

To allow greater transparency into the effects of various combinations of variables (such as older females) on CT and MR utilization, Tables 2 and 3 have been added to list utilization metrics for each 4-way combination of age, sex, SES SVI quartile, and BMI.

Additional details of statistical analyses have been added. Specifically, inferential statistics have been added to document statistical significance of each reported proportion relative to the corresponding normal-BMI cohort. P values related to statistical significance have been added to the text of Results.

I think that there is a deeper explanation regarding BMI and imaging utilization, and it would be nice if the authors explain the reasons beyond the BMI.

We acknowledge that relationships between BMI and imaging utilization are complex. Certain disease processes may be over-represented or under-represented among high-BMI cohorts relative to normal-BMI cohorts, and each disease process may be associated with a likelihood of imaging as part of workup or surveillance. Even when considering a single diagnosis, a higher BMI may place patients at higher or lower risk of complications than others of the same diagnosis. These complex interactions render it challenging to define a simple quantitative model to describe the BMI-imaging utilization relationships, and it is difficult to identify true causal relationships.

We have incorporated these additional statements into the discussion.

Moreover, the authors haven’t explained the SES groups, which socioeconomic class has the lowest income? Also, I suggest the authors to cite more literature.

We have revised the Methods section to more clearly describe the SES component of the Social vulnerability index. In addition, more literature has been cited in the discussion.

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Response to reviewers.docx
Decision Letter - Amir Hossein Behnoush, Editor

CT and MR Utilization and Morbidity Metrics Across Body Mass Index

PONE-D-23-43698R1

Dear Dr. Nguyen,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

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Kind regards,

Amir Hossein Behnoush

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: (No Response)

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3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: (No Response)

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4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: (No Response)

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5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: (No Response)

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6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: (No Response)

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: No

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Formally Accepted
Acceptance Letter - Amir Hossein Behnoush, Editor

PONE-D-23-43698R1

PLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Nguyen,

I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now being handed over to our production team.

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* All references, tables, and figures are properly cited

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Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access.

Kind regards,

PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staff

on behalf of

Dr. Amir Hossein Behnoush

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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