PONE-D-23-30368A Machine Learning Driven Computationally Efficient Horse Shoe Shaped Antenna Design for Wearable Internet of Medical ThingsPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Sheikh,

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Musa Hussain

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Partly

Reviewer #2: No

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: No

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: 1. There are many spelling and grammar mistakes in the text.

2. The use of machine learning is limited to the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs). In this case, it is recommended to use these networks to control the gain, radiation efficiency, and also to reduce the dimensions in terms of wavelength.

3. The quality of many figures is poor.

4. Give each of the Poynting vectors, electric, magnetic fields, and current density distributions at operating frequencies. Full-wave analyzes are not sufficiently presented.

5. Provide 3D SAR reports based on IEEE standards.

6. Justify how this antenna can be used as a wearable antenna. Because in this structure, metals are also used. The dielectric is also not very flexible. Wearability and attachability are two separate issues.

7. The performance of this antenna should be compared with other similar works in the form of a table. Operating frequency, bandwidth, dimensions in terms of wavelength and centimeters, gain, radiation efficiency, etc.

Reviewer #2: The authors presented Machine Learning Driven Computationally Efficient Horse Shoe Shaped Antenna Design for Wearable Internet of Medical Things. The paper is an interesting study, however, before coming toward any decision few things need to be updated and based upon that the decision will be made.

>>>>The quality of the graphs is too low, most of the data is not readable, it is highly recommended to use professional tool and improve the quality.

>>>> Literature work and introducion section need to be updated using latest work as the design of flexible antenna is discussed for body centeric devices in A Conformal Tri-Band Antenna for Flexible Devices and Body-Centric Wireless Communications, 2023 or design of flexible and reconfigurable antenna studied in Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices, 2022 or the antennas for IoT applications as discussed in A Series fed Planar Array-based 4-port MIMO Antenna for 5G mmWave IoT Applications, 2023 and Stub loaded Compact Size Tri-Band Antenna for ISM, 5G sub-6-GHz, IoT Applications, 2023.

>>>>The formatting error is found throughout the manuscript, a lot of unnecessary empty spaces need to removed.

>>>>The measurement setup and antenna under test must be shown to verify the results.

>>>>Radiation pattern in both plane must be added and compared with measured results.

>>>>Gain and radiation pattern should be added in the revised manuscript to show the performance of antenna.

>>>>Comparison with state of the art must be added considering latest work not limited to

A low-profile antenna for on-body and off-body applications in the lower and upper ISM and WLAN bands, 2023.

PDMS Based Compact Antenna for 2.45 GHz Application having Wide Band Harmonic Suppresion, 2022

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Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: No

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PONE-D-23-30368R1A Machine Learning Driven Computationally Efficient Horse Shoe Shaped Antenna Design for Wearable Internet of Medical ThingsPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Sheikh,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process. Please consider all the reviewers' comments and address the comments if they are reasonable. Please submit your revised manuscript by Apr 25 2024 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.

Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:

• A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.
• A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.
• An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.

If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.

If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.

We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Hongzhi Guo, Ph.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Journal Requirements:

Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article’s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

Reviewer #2: (No Response)

Reviewer #3: (No Response)

Reviewer #4: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Partly

Reviewer #3: Partly

Reviewer #4: Yes

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3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: (No Response)

Reviewer #3: (No Response)

Reviewer #4: Yes

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4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: Yes

Reviewer #4: Yes

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5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: (No Response)

Reviewer #4: Yes

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6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: This manuscript has been significantly improved. Now this work can be published in the PLOS ONE journal.

Reviewer #2: The researchers have put significant amount of efforts to address the reviwer's comments, however, the literature review section is still weak. The authors are requested to follow the following comments and improve the quality of the manuscript

1) Introduction>paragraph#1: the following statement "There have been serious efforts to address the challenge of optimization under the given constraints for better performance of the system and one such effort is employing Machine learning-based approaches to address the complex and multifaceted challenges while designing the system." can be referred to the 10.1109/TAP.2023.3314097 || 10.1002/adfm.202306249

2) the following statement "In ML techniques, a hidden co-relation between the output and input parameters of the design is determined and accordingly based on this relationship model, future predictions or decisions are made" cab be cited by 10.1007/s11227-021-03898-y || 10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108387

3) The following passage "Several ML techniques have been discussed in the existing literature for increasing the optimum usage of resources (time, human and computational resources)....." Discuss few of the machine learning techniques and the applications where they are used for instance the usage of machine learning for the hierarchy of the intercity connection of twin cities (10.1016/j.jik.2022.100293) or the posture estimation and tracking based on Long Short Term Memory explained in 10.1016/j.icte.2024.01.002

4) Page 5> Line#4 "It needs to be mentioned here that antennas designed for on-body application is a challenging task as the interaction of RF waves with different tissues of human body make the impedance matching a difficult task" can be referred to 10.3390/polym15173553 || 10.1016/j.cej.2023.146340

5) The following statements

"Also, there is significant reduction in gain of the antenna meant for bio-medical applications owing to the substantial divergence between the dielectric properties of air and tissues of human body, in addition to the change in the frequency of operation for which it is designed"

Therefore, it becomes imperative for the RF engineer to design a wideband, flexible, biocompatible and miniaturized antenna for biomedical applications"

must be referred with propoer reference, here are few suggestions.

10.3390/mi14101842 || 10.3390/s23020709

6) The quality of Fig. 1 is still not improved. Authors are requested to use professional tools like visio or powerpoint.

7) Current distribution grapghs are required to understand the behavior of the antenna radiation.

Reviewer #3: 1. The manuscript contains many grammatical errors. There is significant room for improvement in this regard.

2. The motivation for specifically using horseshoe shaped antenna for on-body applications is not clear.

3. The results presented in Figure 8 are not discussed.

4. In Support Vector Regression, how the optimal values of ε and C are selected?

5. References [17]-[22] are discussed in the manuscript, however, their performance is not compared with the proposed design in Table III.

Reviewer #4: This work presents design of Horeshoe shaped antenna utilizing artificial intelligence, a regression-based Machine learning (ML) techniques. The work is good, but I have few questions.

1. Why there is resonant frequency shift in simulated and measured results in Fig. 5 however antenna works perfectly fine in Fig. 6.

2. Authors must focus on flexibility of antenna as well as reducing SAR of antenna for WBAN applications in their future work.

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: Yes: Farzad Khajeh-Khalili

Reviewer #2: Yes: Wahaj Abbas Awan

Reviewer #3: No

Reviewer #4: No

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[NOTE: If reviewer comments were submitted as an attachment file, they will be attached to this email and accessible via the submission site. Please log into your account, locate the manuscript record, and check for the action link "View Attachments". If this link does not appear, there are no attachment files.]

While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool, https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.

A Machine Learning Driven Computationally Efficient Horse Shoe Shaped Antenna Design for Wearable Internet of Medical Things

PONE-D-23-30368R2

Dear Dr. Sheikh,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

An invoice will be generated when your article is formally accepted. Please note, if your institution has a publishing partnership with PLOS and your article meets the relevant criteria, all or part of your publication costs will be covered. Please make sure your user information is up-to-date by logging into Editorial Manager at Editorial Manager® and clicking the ‘Update My Information' link at the top of the page. If you have any questions relating to publication charges, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they’ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact onepress@plos.org.

Kind regards,

Hongzhi Guo, Ph.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

Reviewer #2: All comments have been addressed

Reviewer #3: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: Partly

**********

3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: Yes

**********

4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: Yes

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5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

Reviewer #3: Yes

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6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: The present manuscript is suitable for publication.

Previous concerns have been addressed. It is only recommended that the authors, together with the editors, re-review the manuscript text in terms of grammar and phrasing.

Reviewer #2: The authors address all the comments carefully. The manuscript is technically sound and is recommended for publication.

Reviewer #3: The authors have addressed all the technical concerns raised by the reviewer. However, there are still several punctuation and grammatical errors. It is recommended that professional English writing services may be sought before final acceptance of the paper.

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: Yes: Dr. Farzad Khajeh-Khalili

Reviewer #2: No

Reviewer #3: No

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