PONE-D-23-13066COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN GHANA AND NIGERIAPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Oseni,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

Please submit your revised manuscript by Aug 19 2023 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.

Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:

• A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.
• A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.
• An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.

If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.

If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.

We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Nicholas Aderinto Oluwaseyi

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements.

1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found at

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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdf

2. We noticed you have some minor occurrence of overlapping text with the following previous publication(s), which needs to be addressed:

- https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329231166366

- https://www.who.int/europe/home?v=welcome

- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders

- https://search.yahoo.com/reviews?age=1m&ei=UTF-8&fr2=&p=What+is+the+average+age+for+mental+illness+to+start%3F&q=Emomali+Rahmon&v_t=rs-bot

In your revision ensure you cite all your sources (including your own works), and quote or rephrase any duplicated text outside the methods section. Further consideration is dependent on these concerns being addressed.

3. In your Data Availability statement, you have not specified where the minimal data set underlying the results described in your manuscript can be found. PLOS defines a study's minimal data set as the underlying data used to reach the conclusions drawn in the manuscript and any additional data required to replicate the reported study findings in their entirety. All PLOS journals require that the minimal data set be made fully available. For more information about our data policy, please see http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability.

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We will update your Data Availability statement to reflect the information you provide in your cover letter.

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: No

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: No

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN GHANA AND NIGERIA

General comments: Overall I commend the authors for trying to explore the mental health disorders among adolescents- a vulnerable group of people.

Introduction: Written, however the aims of this study is at variance what was done

Methods: This method can not answer the aims of this study. The study intends to look at mental health disorders among adolescents, yet no adolescent was samples.

Estimated minimum sample size was 302, yet 233 was recruited. Thus, no conclusion can be derived since the analysed sample was not up to the minimum was set that can allowed for conclusion? By the way, what was the power and precision of the study.

A validated questionnaire? No link to this including the previous published work for verification?

“The burden of mental health disorder in this study was 16% and the distribution of the common

adolescent mental health disorders seen in Family Medicine Clinics in Ghana and Nigeria are as

shown in Table 3”- how was this burden determined, among whom, a snap shot of family physician based on recall? To diagnosis mental disorder of adolescents? Without sampling the adolescents using a standard instrument?

“Depression 138 (59.23%) was the most commonly seen disorder followed by

Bipolar Disorders 130 (55.79%), Epilepsy 121 (51.93%), and substance use disorders 103

(44.21%) in that order” -again these are categories of mental disorder with clear guideline for diagnosis/criteria to be fulfilled- check DSM V. Again, this was arrived at based on snap shot respond of family physicians on behalf of adolescents??? This study cannot answer questions on details categories of mental disorders among adolescents, when they themselves were excluded.

The authors urge to have administered standard and validated tools on the adolescents to answers their research questions.

Table 3-how was the diagnosis arrived-based on report of family physicians/hospital records-what of co-existence of more than one conditions.

Conclusion

This research method cannot support the conclusion

Recommendations: Rejected.

Reviewer #2: The manuscript is well written with a clearly stated objective which was significantly addressed. Following the review, it is believed that the manuscript will benefit greatly from a thorough language proofreading. There is a need to be concise with sentence construct throughout the article.

The objective stated that the study seeks to "evaluate" the common mental health disorders seen...This used of the quoted word should be revised as the mental health disorders were mainly identified.

Some abbreviations were used in the manuscript which were not specifically defined e.g WHO, PTSD.

There is a need to ensure that adequate information is provided in "Materials and Methods" section e.g information about the contents (sections) in the data collection tool, how the tools was deployed, validated and the parameters used for the sample size calculation. The multi-stage sampling method should be clearly explained.

Was ethical approval obtained in Ghana? If no, why?

A non-response rate over 20% was recorded. What was the reason for this? Can it be included in the limitation.

In the results section, a chart showing the common adolescent mental health disorder (by country or location of health facility) should be considered (e.g a clustered column bar chart).

What further research suggestion on this subject do the authors think should be prioritized? This could be included in the conclusion section.

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6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: No

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[NOTE: If reviewer comments were submitted as an attachment file, they will be attached to this email and accessible via the submission site. Please log into your account, locate the manuscript record, and check for the action link "View Attachments". If this link does not appear, there are no attachment files.]

While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool, https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.

Attachments

Attachment

Submitted filename: COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN GHANA AND NIGERIA_reviewed.pdf

PONE-D-23-13066R1COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN GHANA AND NIGERIAPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Oseni,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

Please submit your revised manuscript by Nov 16 2023 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.

Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:

• A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.
• A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.
• An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.

If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.

If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.

We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Nicholas Aderinto Oluwaseyi

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #3: (No Response)

Reviewer #4: (No Response)

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #3: Partly

Reviewer #4: Partly

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3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #3: Yes

Reviewer #4: Yes

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4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #3: Yes

Reviewer #4: Yes

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5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #3: Yes

Reviewer #4: Yes

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6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #3: 1. The method used to determine the 16% burden in this study needs further clarification. It would be beneficial if you could provide a more detailed explanation of how this percentage was calculated.

2. A significant disparity exists between the calculated sample size requirement and the actual distribution of participants between Ghana and Nigeria. Ghana appears to be overrepresented, while Nigeria is notably underrepresented. Moreover, the study's limitation, which attributes this deviation to being an online survey, is a critical concern that could potentially compromise the integrity of the study's conclusions. I strongly suggest further elaboration on this limitation to offer a more comprehensive assessment of its impact on the drawn conclusions.

3. Epilepsy, also known as a seizure disorder, is classified as a neurological disease rather than a mental health illness. While it's acknowledged that epilepsy can predispose individuals to mental health issues, it remains essential to adhere to accurate classification. This raises questions about the criteria used by physicians to diagnose mental health illnesses within the dataset, particularly since it's listed as the third condition with a frequency of 121 (51.93%). Clarification of the diagnostic criteria for mental health illnesses in this context would be valuable.

Reviewer #4: The statement of the problem needs to be included to the background of the abstract. For instance, what problems could be associated with patients not presenting themselves to mental health physicians? The justification for the study should also be highlighted.

Greater clarity is required in the methodology section:

- More detail on how the multistage sampling was conducted should be provided

-How were the clinic records reviewed to give information about the mental health conditions? This information must be provided?

-Even though the authors have indicated that this is part of a larger study, there is still a need for this paper to be able to stand alone and as such there must be at least some information about how the mental disorders examined in this study were assessed e.g. the instruments used to assess each of them and cutoff values. Are these instruments that can be used by any physician or is specialist training required?

Results

-Provide response rate for each country, not only the overall response rate. This would be derived from the proportionate allocation to Ghana and Nigeria respectively.

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #3: No

Reviewer #4: No

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[NOTE: If reviewer comments were submitted as an attachment file, they will be attached to this email and accessible via the submission site. Please log into your account, locate the manuscript record, and check for the action link "View Attachments". If this link does not appear, there are no attachment files.]

While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool, https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.

Attachments

Attachment

Submitted filename: PONE COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY_Reviewed.pdf

COMMON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS SEEN IN FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN GHANA AND NIGERIA

PONE-D-23-13066R2

Dear Dr. Oseni,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they’ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact onepress@plos.org.

Kind regards,

Nicholas Aderinto Oluwaseyi

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #3: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #3: Yes

**********

3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #3: Yes

**********

4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #3: Yes

**********

5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #3: Yes

**********

6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #3: (No Response)

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #3: No

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