Peer Review History

Original SubmissionJanuary 28, 2022
Decision Letter - Amitava Mukherjee, Editor

PONE-D-22-02832Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Comparison with Chemically synthesized SiO2 NanoparticlesPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Ahmed,

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Kind regards,

Amitava Mukherjee, ME, Ph.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: In this manuscript, the authors reported that green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from rhus coriaria l. extract: comparison with chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. The authors claimed that the overall results revealed that the green synthesis of SiO2 NPs outperforms chemically synthesized SiO2 NPs. This is expected since the green synthesis method provides higher stability, enhanced thermal properties, and high surface area through the available phytochemicals in the Rhus Coriaria L. extract. Although the approach is interesting, the present paper contains several weak points, originating from the fact that the lack of novelty and poor broader impact. In fact, the authors should emphasize on their research novelty compared to other’s work for their green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from rhus coriaria l. extract. The recent literature review on green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from rhus coriaria l. extract or derived from other green resources in term of their physical and chemical properties should be summarized in a table as benchmarking purpose and discussed in detail with your research findings. In my opinion, technical significance and novelty of the work is still lacking. Furthermore, the details studies on reflux conditions such as reaction time and pH value for green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles should be determined and reported. The detailed HRETM and XPS analysis can be included to further explain their lattice fridge, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles. In addition, the authors are suggested to conduct the PL/EIS spectroscopy analysis to provide information such as charge carrier trapping, immigration, and transfer within the green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles and chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. In this case the potential application for those green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles and chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles can be expected and further determined. The English language of this manuscript is suggested to be carefully polished. There are many grammatical errors within manuscript In my opinion, the manuscript contains few experimental results is at a moderate scientific level, rendering this in its present form inappropriate for publication in PLOS ONE.

Reviewer #2: The authors have reported the results of Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract. The manuscript may be accepted after addressing the following queries.

1. There is no need of such basic information like Figure 1 and 2 to be given in introduction.

2. The authors claims the plant extract acting as reducing agent but it is not really acting as reducing agent, beacuse there is no reduction of metal precursor?

3. The mechanism may be proposed and authors may take help from the following papers and their citations should be given in manuscript

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jccs.202100548

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/24701556.2021.1978491

4. Conclusion part should be more quantitative, the results should be compared between green synthesis and chemical synthesis comparing XRD pattern, morphology and size etc.

**********

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Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes: Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh

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Revision 1

5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1:

In this manuscript, the authors reported that green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from Rhus coriaria L. extract: comparison with chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles.

The authors claimed that the overall results revealed that the green synthesis of SiO2 NPs outperforms chemically synthesized SiO2 NPs. This is expected since the green synthesis method provides higher stability, enhanced thermal properties, and high surface area through the available phytochemicals in the Rhus coriaria L. extract. Although the approach is interesting, the present paper contains several weak points, originating from the fact that the lack of novelty and poor broader impact. In fact, the authors should emphasize on their research novelty compared to other’s work for their green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from Rhus coriaria L. extract. The recent literature review on green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from Rhus coriaria L. extract or derived from other green resources in term of their physical and chemical properties should be summarized in a table as benchmarking purpose and discussed in detail with your research findings.

Table 1: Production Nanosilica using green synthesis in literature

Primary stage Final stage

Green SiO2 source Chemical

reactant Primary

product Chemical

reactant plant extract Final product Ref

Plant species Part Plant species Part NPs Size (nm) Shape

Bamboo Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica various Spherical [34]

Bamboo Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 70-90 Spherical [35]

Olive Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 30-40 Spherical [36]

Sugarcane Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 29.13 Hexagonal [37]

Rice Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 39.47 Spherical [37]

Weed Leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 30.56 Spherical [37]

Sugarcane bagasse Stem, leaf NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 30 Spherical [38]

Rice Husk NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica various Spherical [39]

Pine Cone NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2SO4 - - Silica 20 Spherical [40]

In my opinion, technical significance and novelty of the work is still lacking.

The novelty of this study can be summarized here that spherical, nano-sized, thermally stable SiO2 NPs can be obtained using a green method. This method is eco-friendly, one-pot, cheap, mass productive, and leads traditional synthesizing methods. Table 1, summarizes the approach for green synthesis of SiO2 NPs as provided by researchers. They used green synthesis in the first stage to produce sodium silicate (NaSiO4), and chemical synthesis in the second (final) stage to produce SiO2 NPs. The other novelty of this study is that it used green synthesis to manufacture SiO2 NPs from their first product (NaSiO4), completing their approach entirely using green synthesis.

Furthermore, the details studies on reflux conditions such as reaction time and pH value for green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles should be determined and reported.

These have been mentioned in the manuscript already.

The detailed HRETM and XPS analysis can be included to further explain their lattice fridge, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles.

1.1.2 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis

Figure 7 displays the TEM analysis of the obtained CS-SiO2 NPs and the GS-SiO2 NPs. The outcomes confirmed that the SiO2 NPs possess a spherical shape in both cases. The average size of the CS-SiO2 NPs is around 30 nm, while the average size of the GS-SiO2 NPs is around 55 nm and the NPs were amorphous in nature. It can be stated that, only TEM and DLS analysis provide the real size of the synthesized NPs. This outcome agrees in high precision with the DLS results which will be discussed in the next section. This study's results agree with the results obtained by Yadav and Fulekar [1].

[1] Yadav, Virendra Kumar, and M. H. Fulekar. "Green synthesis and characterization of amorphous silica nanoparticles from fly ash." Materials Today: Proceedings 18 (2019): 4351-4359.

Figure 7: TEM images of (a) CS-SiO2 NPs and (b) GS-SiO2 NPs

In addition, the authors are suggested to conduct the PL/EIS spectroscopy analysis to provide information such as charge carrier trapping, immigration, and transfer within the green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles and chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. In this case the potential application for those green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles and chemically synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles can be expected and further determined.

PL/EIS spectroscopy analysis is not available in our country.

The English language of this manuscript is suggested to be carefully polished. There are many grammatical errors within manuscript In my opinion, the manuscript contains few experimental results is at a moderate scientific level, rendering this in its present form inappropriate for publication in PLOS ONE.

Overall grammar of the manuscript has been checked.

Reviewer #2:

The authors have reported the results of Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract. The manuscript may be accepted after addressing the following queries.

1. There is no need of such basic information like Figure 1 and 2 to be given in introduction.

In fact, Figures 1 and 2 represent the main application area of SiO2 NPs, while Figure 2 is about the main methods for synthesizing NPs. These are general facts that’s why they placed in our introduction part.

2. The authors claims the plant extract acting as reducing agent but it is not really acting as reducing agent, because there is no reduction of metal precursor?

Since we utilized Sodium metasilicate, which contains both sodium and oxygen ions. The SiO2 NPs formation requires the reduction of these ions.

3. The mechanism may be proposed and authors may take help from the following papers and their citations should be given in manuscript

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jccs.202100548

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/24701556.2021.1978491

They have been cited in the introduction as numbers 18,19 and highlighted in red color.

4. Conclusion part should be more quantitative, the results should be compared between green synthesis and chemical synthesis comparing XRD pattern, morphology and size etc.

1. According to the XRD measurements, both GS and CS SiO2 NPs had the same peaks at 2θ = 23°, which confirmed the JCDPS reference. Although the intensity of the GS-SiO2 NPs was higher than the CS-SiO2 NPs, this was due to phytochemical presence in green synthesis.

2. The morphological studies revealed that the CS-SiO2 NPs possess monodisperse NPs while the GS-SiO2 NPs show polydisperse NPs. This is more likely because in the green synthesis method, different phytochemicals are participating in reducing capping and stabilizing the process. Besides, the FESEM images revealed that CS and GS SiO2 NPs are spherical in shape with a minimum degree of agglomeration, and the NP sizes were between 45~60 nm and 10~15 nm, respectively.

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Reviewer comments and Response.docx
Decision Letter - Amitava Mukherjee, Editor

Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Comparison with Chemically synthesized SiO2 Nanoparticles

PONE-D-22-02832R1

Dear Dr. Mohammed,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they’ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact onepress@plos.org.

Kind regards,

Amitava Mukherjee, ME, Ph.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

Reviewer #2: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: N/A

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4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: No

**********

5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: In overall, this manuscript was technically well revised. This revised manuscript meets the criteria of PLOS ONE. Therefore, in my opinion, the revised manuscript can be accepted for publication.

Reviewer #2: The authors have revised the manuscript entitled Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Comparison with Chemically synthesized SiO2 Nanoparticles and may be accepted.

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: No

Reviewer #2: Yes: Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh

Formally Accepted
Acceptance Letter - Amitava Mukherjee, Editor

PONE-D-22-02832R1

Green Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles from Rhus Coriaria L. Extract: Comparison with Chemically synthesized SiO2 Nanoparticles 

Dear Dr. Mohammed:

I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact onepress@plos.org.

If we can help with anything else, please email us at plosone@plos.org.

Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access.

Kind regards,

PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staff

on behalf of

Professor Dr. Amitava Mukherjee

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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