Peer Review History

Original SubmissionNovember 5, 2021
Decision Letter - Tai-Heng Chen, Editor

PONE-D-21-34752Low versus high dose anticoagulation in patients with Coronavirus 2019 pneumonia at the time of admission to critical care units: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in the Beaumont Healthcare SystemPLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Al-Banaa,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

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Kind regards,

Tai-Heng Chen, M.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: The authors conducted a study of treatment with high dose anticoagulation at the time of ICU/SDU admission which was

associated with decreased adjusted mortality among critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 infection. The major concern of this retrospective study is how to decide the dosage of anticoagulation. Since the D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were similar between the two groups, how the doctors used higher or lower dosage of anticoagulation?

Reviewer #2: At the outset,a big thank you for allowing me to review this article.It is a very interesting study and like all other studies on COVID,there are a lot of grey areas.I have some questions for the authors.

1)How many of these patients were on vasopressors,CRRT,how many required NIV support and how many were on high flow 02 ,although a mention was made about the intubated patients.Was there any correlation between these and mortality.

2)Was there any association between x ray pattern,CT severity score and D dimer levels.

3)Was a bed side 2 D echo done and if so how many of them had PAH or RV dysfunction.

4)Was there sepsis induced coagulopathy. Were procalcitonon levels done in this study ?

Possible association between development of antiphospholipid antibodies ,notably lupus anticoagulant (LAC) has been seen in many studies which may contribute to coagulopathy,was there any such observation in this study?

5) How many of these patients received steroids,remdesevir?There has been a weak association between the treatment modalities used in COVID especially more so with corticosteroids resulting in a thrombogenic state.

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6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: Yes: HSIEH MING-HSIUNG

Reviewer #2: No

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Revision 1

Review Comments to the Author

Reviewer #1:

Comment: The authors conducted a study of treatment with high dose anticoagulation at the time of ICU/SDU admission which wasassociated with decreased adjusted mortality among critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 infection. The major concern of this retrospective study is how to decide the dosage of anticoagulation. Since the D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were similar between the two groups, how the doctors used higher or lower dosage of anticoagulation?

Answer: Thank you for highlighting this important question. This study utilized retrospective data at the beginning of the pandemic. There was only little known about the effect of anticoagulation on Covid-19 outcomes. Therefore, thedecision of anticoagulation dosage was based entirely on the treating physician preference in a near random fashion. Indeed, this was one of the points that encouraged us to conduct this study, as less bias would be anticipated. The manuscript is updated to reflect this point.

Reviewer #2:

Comment: How many of these patients were on vasopressors,CRRT,how many required NIV support and how many were on high flow 02,although a mention was made about the intubated patients.Was there any correlation between these and mortality?

Response: We agree with the reviewer on the potential effect of these factors on the investigated outcomes. These variables were accounted for through the mSOFA score, as a composite measure of end organ damage. We did not include these variables as individual variables. The admission criteria to our ICU/SDU units at that time included patients on high flow, NIV, or intubated, and divided the population into intubated and non-intubated (both High flow and NIV populations). It was felt that the sample size will be very small for these populations (NIV and High flow patients individually) and any conclusions drawn on these populations will be under powered, therefore they were included as one group.

Comment: Was there any association between x ray pattern,CT severity score and D dimer levels?

Answer: We did not study the imaging findings for these patients. D-dimer level was investigated, but there was no association between its level and inpatient mortality, thus it was not included in the multivariable analysis. In addition, we performed a subgroup analysis based on the D-dimer level.

Comment: Was a bed side 2 D echo done and if so how many of them had PAH or RV dysfunction?

Answer: Unfortunately, we did not collect the echocardiography studies results for these patients. We do not believe a significant number of patients had echocardiography done at that time due to lack of PPE, unless absolutely necessary.

Comment: Was there sepsis induced coagulopathy. Were procalcitonin levels done in this study?Possible association between development of antiphospholipid antibodies,notably lupus anticoagulant (LAC) has been seen in many studies which may contribute to coagulopathy,was there any such observation in this study?

Answer: Coagulopathy, as part of mSOFA score, was included in the study but not a separate variable. No data were collected regarding procalcitonin or lupus anticoagulant was investigated in the study.

Comment: How many of these patients received steroids,remdesivir?There has been a weak association between the treatment modalities used in COVID especially more so with corticosteroids resulting in a thrombogenic state.

Answer: Thank you for highlighting this important potential interaction. During the time of conducting this study, neither the Remdesivir nor the steroids were approved for treatment of Covid-19, therefore none of our patient were treated with them and we can’t explore such interactions. The manuscript was updated to reflect these limitations.

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Response to Reviewers 1.16.docx
Decision Letter - Tai-Heng Chen, Editor

Low versus high dose anticoagulation in patients with Coronavirus 2019 pneumonia at the time of admission to critical care units: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in the Beaumont Healthcare System

PONE-D-21-34752R1

Dear Dr. Al-Banaa,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

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If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they’ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact onepress@plos.org.

Kind regards,

Tai-Heng Chen, M.D.

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the “Comments to the Author” section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the “Confidential to Editor” section, and submit your "Accept" recommendation.

Reviewer #1: All comments have been addressed

Reviewer #2: All comments have been addressed

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2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

**********

6. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: no more comments

The authors have good response to my previous comments and also have good answers to other reviewers' comments.

Reviewer #2: Bypass,all comments have been addressed and there are no conflicts of interests,the article is recommended for publication

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7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.

If you choose “no”, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.

Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.

Reviewer #1: Yes: Ming-Hsiung Hsieh

Reviewer #2: No

Formally Accepted
Acceptance Letter - Tai-Heng Chen, Editor

PONE-D-21-34752R1

Low versus high dose anticoagulation in patients with Coronavirus 2019 pneumonia at the time of admission to critical care units: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in the Beaumont Healthcare System

Dear Dr. Al-Banaa:

I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact onepress@plos.org.

If we can help with anything else, please email us at plosone@plos.org.

Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access.

Kind regards,

PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staff

on behalf of

Dr. Tai-Heng Chen

Academic Editor

PLOS ONE

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