Peer Review History

Original SubmissionMarch 7, 2021
Decision Letter - Sebastian Shepherd, Editor

PONE-D-21-07503Training, Attitudes, and Practice (TAP) among healthcare professionals in the Nelson Mandela Bay municipality, South Africa: A Health Promotion and Disease prevention perspectivePLOS ONE

Dear Dr. Melariri,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE’s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.

The manuscript has been evaluated by two reviewers, and their comments are available below.

The reviewers have raised some concerns, including copyediting/language to improve readability to international audiences, rationale for experimental design, reporting of the study methodology, addressing experimental/survey bias, and data presentation.

Could you please revise the manuscript to carefully address the concerns raised?

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We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.

Kind regards,

Sebastian Shepherd

Associate Editor

PLOS ONE

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When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements.

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2. Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article’s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.

3. Please include additional information regarding the survey or questionnaire used in the study and ensure that you have provided sufficient details that others could replicate the analyses. For instance, if you developed a questionnaire as part of this study and it is not under a copyright more restrictive than CC-BY, please include a copy, in both the original language and English, as Supporting Information. Moreover, please include more details on how the questionnaire was pre-tested, and whether it was validated. 

[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]

Reviewers' comments:

Reviewer's Responses to Questions

Comments to the Author

1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?

The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?

The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?

PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.

Reviewer #1: Yes

Reviewer #2: Yes

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5. Review Comments to the Author

Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. (Please upload your review as an attachment if it exceeds 20,000 characters)

Reviewer #1: The manuscript in written in a clear and concise manner. The content is interesting and practical.

I think the topic is innovative and has implications for the medical field in general.

To improve an international audience understanding of content, add definitions for primary, secondary and tertiary facilities.

Also, replace to “our knowledge: with “based on the literature review for this project, this is only…”

Overall, this is a strong manuscript with the potential for a wide audience of readers.

Reviewer #2: This is a cross sectional study of healthcare professional views and experiences about health promotion and disease prevention in one municipality in South Africa. The authors find that although HCP value HP and DP, low levels of training in HP and DP were common and associated with lower levels of coordinated care and inclusion of HP and DP principles in medical care. A few comments/questions for the authors:

1. Why was this municipality chosen? How many HCP work in this municipality overall?

2. How were the 500 HCP chosen to participate? Convenience sample? What was the response rate?

3. Typically any results are reported as x/y (z%)

4. How did the questions decide on the survey questions to include? Was this based on any prior validated survey? Was the survey pilot tested for face or content validity?

5. P11 "The risk of coodinated HP training..." wording is awkward; would rewrite.

6. It would be helpful for Table 1 to list the demographics of the

7. The tables could be laid out more clearly and list the overall % of each group who agreed with the various statements rather than limited to Coefficients.

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Reviewer #1: Yes: Michelle Lee D'Abundo

Reviewer #2: No

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Revision 1

Reviewer 1 comments and responses:

To improve an international audience understanding of content, add definitions for primary, secondary, and tertiary facilities.

Response:

A primary health care facility refers to facilities where ambulatory or first-contact personal health care services are provided (26) and in this context includes the Primary Healthcare Centres (PHC), community clinics, Comprehensive Health Centers (CHC), and Midwife Obstetrics units (MOU). A secondary-level hospital refers to a healthcare facility that is highly differentiated by function with five to ten clinical specialties (27). This level of facility includes the Regional Hospitals, Provincial Hospitals, and General Hospitals. The capacity ranges between 200 and 800 beds. Tertiary-level hospitals on the other hand are hospitals with highly specialized professionals and facilities such as cardiology, intensive care unit, and specialized imaging infrastructures among others (27). The clinical services of the tertiary healthcare facilities are highly differentiated by function and have capacity of between 300 and 1500 beds. This level of hospitals includes National Hospitals, Central Hospitals, and Academic, or teaching or University Hospitals.

Replace to “our knowledge: with “based on the literature review for this project, this is only…”

Response:

As suggested by the reviewer, this change has been done

Reviewer 2 Comments and responses:

Why was this municipality chosen? How many HCP work in this municipality overall?

Response:

The NMBM is the largest City in the Eastern Cape Province and a major economic player both for the province and South Africa as a whole (24). Like the rest of South Africa, the municipality’s healthcare system has all three levels of care comprising primary, secondary and tertiary in place. Despite availability of inexpensive measures such as dietary counselling, physical activity, and handwashing for HP and DP, HCPs do not have structured training and knowledge to effectively implement the measures (13). Furthermore, there is limited evidence on the HP and DP training and attitudes of HCPs in relation to HP and DP especially in resource constrained settings.

The municipality has an estimated 3500 healthcare professionals (27) serving a population of about 1.24 million.

How were the 500 HCP chosen to participate? Convenience sample? What was the response rate?

This quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out among 520 HCPs that were randomly sampled from 23 hospitals in the NMBM. Only 501 HCPs completed the survey. Of the 501 respondents, six HCPs did not include their professions and were excluded from analysis. A total of 495 HCPs were included in the final analysis. An initial sample size of 384 was reached using a confidence level of 95% and an error margin of 5%. This sample size was further adjusted by 25% to 480 to account for non-responding HCPs.

The response rate for this study was 95% (n=495).

Typically any results are reported as x/y (z%)

We agree with this suggestion and have included tables 1, 2 and 4 to address this.

How did the questions decide on the survey questions to include? Was this based on any prior validated survey? Was the survey pilot tested for face or content validity?

A standardized questionnaire adapted from a previously validated study (23) was developed to determine the influence of HCPs’ training and attitude on their practice of HP and DP. The questionnaire was further subjected to a pilot test.

"The risk of coordinated HP training for staff for medical doctors" wording is awkward; would rewrite.

Revised accordingly. “The risk of coordinated HP training for medical doctors”

It would be helpful for Table 1 to list the demographics.

Thank you for pointing this out. Although we agree that this is an important consideration, we have summarized the socio-demographic characteristics in page 5 to keep our tables concise.

The tables could be laid out more clearly and list the overall % of each group who agreed with the various statements rather than limited to Coefficients.

We agree with this suggestion and have included tables 1,2 and 4 to address this.

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Response to reviewers comments 151021.docx
Decision Letter - Michelle Lee D'Abundo, Editor

Training, Attitudes, and Practice (TAP) among healthcare professionals in the Nelson Mandela Bay municipality, South Africa: A Health Promotion and Disease prevention perspective

PONE-D-21-07503R1

Dear Mr. Melariri,

We’re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.

Within one week, you’ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you’ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.

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Kind regards,

Michelle Lee D'Abundo, PhD

Guest Editor

PLOS ONE

Additional Editor Comments (optional):

The information provided describes the TAP process in detail from a health promotion perspective. The research methods and results are clearly described and provide application for practice.

I support the publication of this article.

Reviewers' comments:

Formally Accepted
Acceptance Letter - Michelle Lee D'Abundo, Editor

PONE-D-21-07503R1

Training, Attitudes, and Practice (TAP) among healthcare professionals in the Nelson Mandela Bay municipality, South Africa: </i>A Health Promotion and Disease prevention perspective</i>

Dear Dr. Melariri:

I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department.

If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact onepress@plos.org.

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Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access.

Kind regards,

PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staff

on behalf of

Dr. Michelle Lee D'Abundo

Guest Editor

PLOS ONE

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