Fig 1.
SEM image of (a) ZnO nanoparticles (b) ointment base (c) ointment (base:active 9:1, Carica papaya latex:Aloe 1:4) (d) ointment (base:active 7:3, Carica papaya latex:Aloe 1:2) (e) ointment (base:active 7:3, Carica papaya latex:Aloe 1:1) (f) ointment (base:active 7:3, Carica papaya latex:Aloe 4:1).
Fig 2.
XRD patterns of the (a) individual components (b) and (c) ointment formulations.
Fig 3.
FT-IR spectra of the materials.
Fig 4.
Antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of (a) Aloe barbadensis Miller gel, (b) Carica papaya latex powder, (c) ZnO nanoparticles.
Table 1.
Blood assay results summary.
Table 2.
Absorbance values of Carica papaya latex powder in the protease assay.
Fig 5.
Zones of Inhibition against (A) Staphylococcus aureus (B) Escherichia coli (C)Variation of the zones of inhibition (in mm) against the test organisms by the tested samples at (a) 10 mg/mL, (b) 20 mg/mL, (c) 40 mg/mL (d) varied cream base ratios at 20 mg/mL.
Table 3.
MIC, MBC, and MBC/MIC ratios for the test formulation against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Fig 6.
Time-kill curves of Staphylococcus aureus (a-c) and Escherichia coli (d-f) against the tested samples.