Table 1.
Key terms used across databases.
Fig 1.
PRISMA flow diagram summarizing the study selection process.
Fig 2.
Spatial (A) and temporal (B) distribution of the included studies on citizen science–based MBDs surveillance and control.
Panel A shows all countries represented across the included studies (n = 24 unique countries), including those captured through multi-country study designs. The base map shapefiles used in Panel A were derived from publicly available administrative boundary data obtained from Natural Earth (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/), which is in the public domain.
Fig 3.
Characteristics of the citizen science–based MBDs among the included studies: (A) level of involvement, (B) recruitment strategy, and (C) participation purpose.
Fig 4.
Citizen science (A) platforms and applications, and (B) analytical approaches used in MBDs surveillance and control across included studies.