Fig 1.
Steps for the translation of the ETS, adapted from Tsang et al. [23].
Fig 2.
Flow diagram showing the study processes.
Fig 3.
Four stages for arranging and completing qualitative analyses employing content analysis by Bengtsson [33].
Fig 4.
Rating instructions for content validity assessment.
Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants and the specifics of the interviews.
Fig 5.
English and Arabic versions of the final translated culturally adapted ETS.
Note: text highlighted in blue is where amendments were made during the cultural adaptation process.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the participants in the validation phase.
Table 3.
Number of participants and statistical methods used for psychometric properties evaluation.
Table 4.
Expert ratings, item-level (I-CVI) and scale-level (S-CVI) content validity indices for the arabic ETS.
Table 5.
Cohen’s Weighted Kappa for retest reliability for Items 1 to 5 (average of 13-day interval).
Fig 6.
Distribution of total expectations scores of the Arabic ETS.