Table 1.
The demographic characteristics of the study population.
Fig 1.
Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) in peripheral blood samples between T2DM and healthy control groups.
A. The volcano plots of DE lncRNAs by three methods (DESeq2, edgeR, and limma). B. The heatmaps of DE lncRNAs by three methods (DESeq2, edgeR, and limma). C. Venn diagrams and UpSet plots of the 1,709 DE lncRNAs using gene expression profiles. D. The heatmap of the overlapped 1,709 DE lncRNAs.
Fig 2.
Identification of co-expressed modules and relationship of modules and disease status by WGCNA.
A. Cluster dendrogram of all genes. B. Network heatmap plot of all lncRNAs. C. Dendrogram of Module Eigengene (ME) and heatmap of the adjacencies of modules. D. Correlation of modules and disease status.
Fig 3.
Overview of the single-cell transcriptional profiling of pancreatic cells.
A. UMAP plot visualization of 20 pancreatic cells clusters. B. Dot plot showing the expression of genes that are significantly different among clusters and the percentage of cells expressing these genes in each cluster. C. UMAP plots showing expression of classical marker genes from pancreatic β-cells clusters. D. UMAP plot visualization of cell-type clusters based on the expression of known marker genes. E. Bar plot showing the cell type proportion in different groups. F. Differential expression genes of the different cell clusters.
Fig 4.
LncRNA-mRNA Co-expression networks and functional enrichment analysis.
A. Venn diagram showing 157 DEGs. B. lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. C. GO terms of biological process (BP). D. GO terms of cellular component (CC). E. GO terms of molecular function (MF). F. KEGG pathways.
Fig 5.
Identification and validation of diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM.
A-J. Comparison of peripheral blood lncRNA expression levels between T2DM and healthy controls via RT-qPCR. The relative expression levels were expressed as 2−ΔΔCt. K. ROC curve of ENST00000473095, MSTRG90147.1and ENST00000531992. L. ROC curve of the combined diagnostic performance of ENST00000473095, MSTRG90147.1 and ENST00000531992. *: p ＜ 0.05.