Fig 1.
(A) Signal decomposition and extraction process of the wavelet transform signal. (B) Correspondence between scale and frequency. (C) Original visual EEG. (D) Time-frequency analysis of EEG signals at different scales. (E) The waveform activity of the EEG signal in the occipital region lasting for 2 seconds at the ninth scale. (F) The phase average waveform wavelength of lead O1.
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants in the three group.
Fig 2.
Visual EEG of the NC group and PD group subjects.
(A) Normal subject (MMSE 30 points). (B) PD patient (MMSE 28 points). (C) PD patient (MMSE 20 points). (D) PD patient (MMSE 12 points).
Fig 3.
The phase average wavelength of the ninth scale in the left head region for normal control and PD subjects.
(A) Normal subject (MMSE 30 points). (B) PD patient (MMSE 28 points). (C) PD patient (MMSE 20 points). (D) PD patient (MMSE 12 points).
Table 2.
Comparison of the total phase average wavelengths of the ninth scale across the three groups.
Fig 4.
Differences in the total phase average wavelengths across the three groups.
Abbreviations: PD-NC, PD with normal cognition; PD-CI, PD with cognitive impairment; NC, normal control group.
Table 3.
Comparison of the phase average wavelength of the ninth scale leads among the three groups.
Fig 5.
Differences in the phase average wavelength across leads of the ninth scale among three groups.
Notes: ***Represents P < 0.001; **Represents P < 0.01; *Represents P < 0.05; ns represents P > 0.05. Abbreviations: PD-NC, PD with normal cognition; PD-CI, PD with cognitive impairment; NC, normal control group.
Table 4.
Comparison of correlations between wavelength and cognitive scores (MoCA and MMSE) across brain regions.
Fig 6.
Differences in correlations between wavelengths in different brain regions and MoCA and MMSE scores.