Table 1.
Conservation Status of Ray Species in Bangladesh: IUCN Red List, CITES Listings, and Protection under the Wildlife (Conservation and Security) Act, 2012.
Table 2.
Sequences of Rays samples used in this study with their location and GPS coordinates.
Table 3.
Genetic divergence (K2P Distance %) within species, genera and family) for COI, 16S rRNA and NADH2 gene.
Table 4.
Distribution of sequence divergence at each taxonomic level (Cluster Sequence Result, Sequences: 43, OTUs: 20).
Fig 1.
The box plot distribution of genetic divergence (K2P %) within and between species of rays based on COI, 16S rRNA and NADH2 genes.
Fig 2.
Genetic distance analysis of COI sequences obtained from BOLD using the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model.
(A) Maximum intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor distance, and (B) Mean intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor species based on sequence divergence.
Fig 3.
Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of ray species based on COI sequences using Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distances.
DUZM indicates species included in the present study, and * denotes the outgroup species.
Fig 4.
Genetic distance analysis of 16S rRNA sequences obtained from BOLD using the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model.
(A) Maximum intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor distance, and (B) Mean intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor species based on sequence divergence.
Fig 5.
Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of ray species based on 16SrRNA sequences using Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distances.
DUZM indicates species included in the present study, and * denotes the outgroup species.
Fig 6.
Genetic distance analysis of NADH2 sequences obtained from BOLD using the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model.
(A) Maximum intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor distance, and (B) Mean intra-specific distance vs. nearest-neighbor species based on sequence divergence.
Fig 7.
Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of ray species based on NADH2 sequences using Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distances.
DUZM indicates species included in the present study, and * denotes the outgroup species.