Table 1.
Anthropometric indices assessed in the study.
Table 2.
Baseline Demographic, Clinical, and Anthropometric Characteristics of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Table 3.
Demographic, Clinical, and Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Normal and Declined eGFR.
Fig 1.
Correlations between visceral adiposity indices and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the total population.
(A) Unadjusted Pearson correlation coefficients between 13 visceral adiposity indices and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR.MORD). (B) Partial correlation coefficients adjusted for potential confounding variables (AGE, SMOKING, WINE, BP, BP1, TIME, FPG, TC, HDL, LDL, ARB, SEX). Heat map colors represent the strength and direction of correlations, with blue indicating negative correlations and red indicating positive correlations. Values in cells represent correlation coefficients with statistical significance indicated by asterisks: *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05. Total sample size: n = 1335.
Fig 2.
Standardized Coefficients for the Association Between eGFR and Anthropometric Adiposity Indices in a Diabetic Population.
This figure illustrates the unadjusted and adjusted standardized coefficients (β) for the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and various anthropometric adiposity indices in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population. The models are defined as follows: Model 1: Unadjusted for any variables. Model 2: Adjusted for age and sex. Model 3: Fully adjusted for age, sex, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and history of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use.
Fig 3.
Sex-stratified correlations between visceral adiposity indices and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
(A) Unadjusted Pearson correlation coefficients between 13 visceral adiposity indices and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR.MORD). (B) Partial correlation coefficients adjusted for potential confounding variables (AGE, SMOKING, WINE, BP, BP1, TIME, FPG, TC, HDL, LDL, ARB). Heat map colors represent the strength and direction of correlations, with blue indicating negative correlations and red indicating positive correlations. Values in cells represent correlation coefficients with statistical significance indicated by asterisks: *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05. Sample sizes: male participants n = 895, female participants n = 440.
Fig 4.
Standardized Coefficient for association between eGFR and anthropometric adiposity indices in male diabetic population.
This figure illustrates the unadjusted and adjusted standardized coefficients (β) for the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and various anthropometric adiposity indices in male type 2 diabetes population. The models are defined as follows: Model 1: unadjusted variables, Model 2: adjusted variables for age, Model 3: adjusted variables for age, sex, smoking history, alcohol history, duration of diabetes, SBP, DBP, FPG, TC, HDL, LDL and ARB use history.
Fig 5.
Standardized Coefficient for association between eGFR and anthropometric adiposity indices in female diabetic population.
This figure illustrates the unadjusted and adjusted standardized coefficients (β) for the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and various anthropometric adiposity indices in female type 2 diabetes population. The models are defined as follows: Model 1: unadjusted variables, Model 2: adjusted variables for age, Model 3: adjusted variables for age, sex, smoking history, alcohol history, duration of diabetes, SBP, DBP, FPG, TC, HDL, LDL and ARB use history.