Fig 1.
The pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) group included students who had IAFA ≥71.1 cm2 and at least one of the Japanese diagnostic criteria for MetS—high BP (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg), dyslipidemia (fasting TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, non-fasting TG ≥ 175 mg/dL, and/or HDL-c < 40 mg/dL), or hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose ≥110 mg/dL or casual plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL). The non–pre-MetS group included students other than those in the pre-MetS group).
Table 1.
Characteristics of the survey participants.
Fig 2.
Relationship between pre-MetS and each lifestyle factor.
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01. † Non: non-drinker or non-smoker, Ex: ex-drinker or ex-smoker. § Occasion, occasional smoker. || Daily, daily smoker. OR, odds ratio. Pre-MetS group (pre-metabolic syndrome group): students who had an IAFA of ≥71.1 cm2 and at least one of the components for MetS — high BP (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg), dyslipidemia (fasting TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, non-fasting TG ≥ 175 mg/dL, and/or HDL-c < 40 mg/dL), or hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose ≥ 110 mg/dL or casual plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL). The non-pre-MetS group comprised students who were not included in the pre-MetS group. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
Table 2.
Binary logistic regression analysis of the five lifestyle factors that showed significant differences in the Fisher’s exact test associated with pre-MetS.
Table 3.
Association of part-time job frequency and gaming time with pre-MetS, adjusted for sex, age, and BMI.