Fig 1.
The structure of M-FMF.
Fig 2.
The distributions of the (a) LP01, (b) LP11, (c) LP21, and (d) LP02 optical modes at 20 °C, and the (e) LP01, (f) LP11, (g) LP21, and (h) LP02 optical modes at 80 °C in the M-FMF.
Fig 3.
Variation of (a) the effective index and (b) the effective mode area with temperature.
Table 1.
BFS values of the LP01, LP11, LP21, and LP02 modes at different temperatures.
Fig 4.
Brillouin gain spectra of the (a) LP01, (b) LP11, (c) LP21, and (d) LP02 modes in M-FMF.
Fig 5.
Overlap integrals of different modes in the M-FMF.
Fig 6.
Variation of Brillouin threshold with temperature in the M-FMF.
Fig 7.
(a) Time delay, and (b) pulse broadening factor vary with temperature. (c) Time delay sensitivity varies with pump power.
Fig 8.
Variation of the Stokes wave with temperature in the M-FMF: (a) LP01 mode, (b) LP11 mode, (c) LP21 mode, and (d) LP02 mode.