Table 1.
Overview of experimental procedures throughout preliminary visits and post-EIMD exercise.
Fig 1.
An illustrative example of the repeated sprint protocol and NIRS-derived TSI, indicating sprint and recovery phases.
Table 2.
Summary of reliability statistics of NIRS parameters, including resting, during Sprint 1, immediately following Sprint 1 and Half-recovery time following Sprint 10. Data obtained from control participants (n = 5) following six repeated assessments.
Table 3.
Summary of reliability statistics of thigh girth, countermovement jump, wellness and creatine kinase parameters, obtained from control participants during six repeated assessments.
Table 4.
Summary of reliability statistics of repeated cycle performance obtained from control participants during six repeated assessments.
Table 5.
Comparison of baseline measures between CON and EXP group (mean ± SD).
Table 6.
Baseline and change from baseline (∆) wellness, CK, countermovement and repeated cycle sprint performance of the EXP group following EIMD.
Fig 2.
Changes from baseline (Δ) in (a) mid-thigh girth, (b) perceived wellness, (c) countermovement jump height, (d) cycle sprint 1 mean power, (e) cycle sprint 1 peak power, and (f) creatine kinase concentration in the experimental (EXP) group.
Values are presented as means with 90% confidence intervals (CI). The shaded region represents the greater of either the typical error (TE) or the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), used to interpret practical significance. Outcomes are classified as unclear when the 90% CI overlaps both zero and the shaded region. Standardised effect sizes (±90% CI) are reported for outcomes exceeding this threshold.
Table 7.
Baseline and change from baseline (∆) NIRS variables of the EXP group following EIMD (mean ± SD).
Fig 3.
Changes in resting tissue saturation index (ΔTSI%) from baseline in the experimental (EXP) group.
Values are presented as means with 90% confidence intervals (CI). The shaded region represents the greater of either the typical error (TE) or the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), serving as a threshold for interpreting practical significance. Outcomes are classified as unclear when the 90% CI overlaps zero and the shaded region. Standardised effect sizes (±90% CI) are reported for time points where changes exceed this threshold.
Fig 4.
Change in tissue saturation index (ΔTSI%) during Sprint 1 from baseline in the experimental (EXP) group.
Values are presented as means with 90% confidence intervals (CI). The shaded region represents the greater of either the typical error (TE) or the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), serving as a threshold for interpreting practical significance. Outcomes are classified as unclear when the 90% CI overlaps zero and the shaded region. Standardised effect sizes (±90% CI) are reported for time points where changes exceed this threshold.
Fig 5.
Change in the rate of tissue saturation (%·s ⁻ ¹) during Sprint 1 from baseline in the experimental (EXP) group.
Values are presented as means with 90% confidence intervals (CI). The shaded region represents the greater of either the typical error (TE) or the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), which serves as the threshold for interpreting practical significance. Outcomes are classified as unclear when the 90% CI overlaps both zero and the TE region. Standardised effect sizes (±90% CI) are reported where changes exceed this threshold.