Fig 1.
Flow chart of discrete element parameter calibration for cohesive soil under different water contents.
Fig 2.
Materials and equipment.
Fig 3.
Particle sieving experiment.
Fig 4.
Experiment on the angle of repose of soil.
Fig 5.
Schematic diagram of the process of extracting and fitting contour curves in MATLAB.
Table 1.
Angle of repose of cohesive soils with different moisture contents.
Fig 6.
Regression model of moisture content-angle of repose for cohesive soil.
Table 2.
Static and dynamic friction coefficients of cohesive soil at different moisture contents.
Fig 7.
Experiment for measuring static and dynamic friction coefficients.
Table 3.
Recommended range of parameter values in the GEMM library.
Fig 8.
a. Cohesive Soil Particle Model. b. Simulation Device for Angle of.
Table 4.
Parameter ranges of JKR V2 model for cohesive soil and steel.
Table 5.
Scheme and results of Plackett-Burman design.
Table 6.
Significance analysis.
Fig 9.
PB Pareto chart.
Table 7.
Steepest ascent experiment and error analysis.
Table 8.
Box-Behnken experimental design and results.
Table 9.
Box-Behnken Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Fig 10.
Response surface interaction analysis plots.
Table 10.
BBD optimization of regression equation and its simulation results.
Fig 11.
Flowchart of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
Table 11.
PSO experimental results and error comparison analysis with BBD table.
Fig 12.
Comparison analysis of simulation and experiment.
Fig 13.
PSO algorithm global best error convergence curve.
Table 12.
Simulated angle of repose results under different particle masses.
Fig 14.
Simulation analysis diagrams of different particle masses.
Fig 15.
Uniaxial compression simulation test and physical test.
Fig 16.
Comparison of simulated and physical compaction for cohesive soils at three water content levels.
Table 13.
Results of verification tests.