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Fig 1.

Implementation steps of adaptive search mechanism.

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Fig 2.

Flowchart of SMA optimized SVR model.

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Fig 3.

Schematic diagram of the LightGBM principle.

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Fig 4.

Intelligent diagnosis process for the health of river and lake ecosystems.

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Table 1.

Experimental environment and model parameter settings.

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Table 2.

Comparison of error results in the test set.

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Fig 5.

Water quality prediction results at different time Windows.

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Table 3.

Comparison of training set error results.

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Fig 6.

Comparison of error results.

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Fig 7.

Comparison of the accuracy curve and the F1 score curve.

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Table 4.

Comparison of training set error results.

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Table 5.

Comparison of training set error results.

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Table 6.

Comparison of computing time and computational complexity.

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Table 7.

Analysis of cross-validation results.

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Fig 8.

Comparison of MU metrics.

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Fig 9.

Comparison of model robustness indicators.

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Fig 10.

Comparison of error values of six models.

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Table 8.

Results of the ablation experiment.

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Fig 11.

Comparison of the predictive effects of pH value and DO.

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Fig 12.

Comparison of the prediction effects of permanganate index and total phosphorus index.

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Fig 13.

The prediction results of ammonia nitrogen index and chemical oxygen demand.

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Fig 14.

Results of correlation analysis.

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