Fig 1.
Comparison of the main statistical data of ELS and changes in the YRD region from 2010 to 2022 under different time distance decay coefficients.
The main statistical data of ELS is shown in (A) 2010 and (B) 2022. The main statistical data of ELS variation situation from 2010 to 2022 is presented in (C) variation value and (D) variation rate.
Fig 2.
Comparison of the correlation matrices of ELS and changes in the YRD region from 2010 to 2022 under different time distance decay coefficients.
(A) Correlation matrices of ELS in 2010; (B) Correlation matrices of ELS in 2022; (C) Correlation matrices of ELS variation value from 2010 to 2022; and (D) Correlation matrices of ELS variation rate from 2010 to 2022.
Table 1.
Comparative analysis of the shortest time distance between county-level cities in the YRD region in 2010 and 2022.
Fig 3.
Comparative analysis of the spatial pattern of temporal distance between cities in the YRD region in 2010 and 2022.
The spatial patterns of shortest time distance for “city pairs” in the YRD are shown in (A) 2010 and (B) 2022.
Table 2.
Comparative analysis of the shortest time distance from medium- and low-level cities to the nearest high-level city in 2010 and 2022 (min, %).
Fig 4.
Spatial analysis of ELS and its changes in the YRD region.
The spatial patterns of ELS in the YRD are shown in (A) 2010 and (B) 2022. The spatial patterns of ELS variation situation from 2010 to 2022 are shown in (C) variation value and (D) variation rate.
Fig 5.
Comparative analysis of isochronous-rings of central cities in the YRD region in 2010 and 2022.
The isochronous-rings of central cities in the YRD region in 2010 include (A) Shanghai, (C) Nanjing, (E) Hangzhou and (G) Hefei. The isochronous-rings of central cities in 2022 are presented in (B) Shanghai, (D) Nanjing, (F) Hangzhou and (H) Hefei.
Table 3.
Comparative analysis of the quantity of accessible cities within 4 hours by central cities in the YRD region from 2010 to 2020.
Table 4.
Comparative analysis of the population size of accessible cities within 4 hours by central cities in the YRD region in 2010 and 2022 (in 10,000 people).
Table 5.
Comparative analysis of the accessible area within 4 hours by central cities in the YRD region in 2010 and 2022 (in 10,000 km²).
Table 6.
Analysis of the accessibility spatial pattern and its changes in the YRD region.
Fig 6.
Spatial pattern analysis of DA in the YRD region.
The spatial pattern of DA in the YRD is shown in (A) 2010 and (B) 2022. The spatial pattern of DA variation situation from 2010 to 2022 is presented in (C) variation value and (D) variation rate.
Fig 7.
Spatial pattern analysis of EA in the YRD region.
The spatial patterns of EA in the YRD are shown in (A) 2010 and (B) 2022. The spatial patterns of EA variation situation from 2010 to 2022 are presented in (C) variation value and (D) variation rate.
Table 7.
Time-Space compression effects and policy recommendations in the YRD region Under Transportation Integration.
Fig 8.
Analytical framework of transport integration and its time-space compression impacts.