Fig 1.
A diagram outlining the sequential stages of participant recruitment, allocation, assessment, and analysis.
Fig 2.
An illustration of the radial frequency RF patterns used in the search stimulus.
A shows the RF stimulus presented as a target (5 RF patterns) while B shows the different RF distractors (3 and 4 RF patterns). C & 1D show the search stimulus where there are 3 distractors while E & 1F show the search stimulus where there are 7 distractors. In E the target stimulus was present while in F the target stimulus was absent.
Fig 3.
A schematic diagram for the main task conditions.
The target stimulus was initially presented for 1 second, followed by the search stimulus, which was presented for 250 ms. The task of the participant was to indicate whether the target stimulus was present or absent.
Fig 4.
Descriptive statistics for demographics and CI-related clinical findings for groups.
Bars represent group means ± standard deviation (SD), and asterisks indicate significant between-group differences (p < 0.05). Abbreviations: VA, visual acuity; NPC, near point of convergence; PFV, positive fusional vergence; CISS, Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey; logMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution.
Fig 5.
The accuracy (A) and reaction time RT (B) as a function of the search condition for control participants and patients with CI (different bars).
Error bars indicate 1 standard error of the mean.
Fig 6.
A linear regression analysis was conducted between the overall performance in the visual selective attention task (accuracy and reaction time) and the CISS score.
The filled circle markers in each graph indicate individual subjects, and the solid line represents the line of best fit.