Fig 1.
Flow chart of study participants.
N, the number of patients being included; n, the number of patients beingexcluded.
Table 1.
Population characteristics categorised by isolated systolic hypertension, isolated diastolic hypertension, and combined systolic-diastolic hypertension.
Table 2.
Correlation between covariates and the risk of isolated systolic hypertension, isolated diastolic hypertension, and combined systolic-diastolic hypertension.
Table 3.
Relationship between dietary thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin intake and isolated systolic hypertension among adult participants in the NHANES.
Table 4.
Relationship between dietary thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin intake and systolic and diastolic hypertension among adult participants in the NHANES.
Table 5.
Analysis of the threshold effect of riboflavin intake in systolic and diastolic hypertension.
Fig 2.
Nonlinear relationship between riboflavin and the risk of systolic and diastolic hypertension.
The solid line indicates the pooled effect size (10.0), with shaded areas representing the 95% confidence interval. The overall effect test yielded P = 0.002; the non-linearity test yielded P = 0.191. The x-axis represents exposure dose (mg/day), while the y-axis represents the logarithm of the odds ratio.
Fig 3.
Correlation between dietary thiamine intake and isolated systolic hypertension based on general characteristics.
B1 denotes dietary thiamine intake; BMI denotes body mass index (kg/m2); P for interaction values are shown; An investigation of the weighted dose-response association between dietary thiamine intake and isolated systolic hypertension across subgroups. Trend P-values were calculated via logistic regression, employing quartile medians as continuous variables; interaction P-values originated from likelihood ratio tests comparing models with and without interaction terms.
Fig 4.
Correlation between riboflavin intake and isolated systolic hypertension according to general characteristics.
B2 denotes dietary riboflavin intake; BMI denotes body mass index (kg/m2); P for interaction values are shown; Survey-weighted dose–response association between dietary riboflavin intake and isolated systolic hypertension across subgroups. P-trend were calculated by logistic regression with quartile medians as continuous variables; interaction P-values were derived from likelihood-ratio tests comparing models with and without interaction terms.
Fig 5.
Correlation between dietary niacin intake and isolated systolic hypertension based on general characteristics.
B3 denotes dietary niacin intake; BMI denotes body mass index (kg/m2); P for interaction values are shown; Dietary niacin intake and weighted dose-response associations with isolated systolic hypertension across subgroups. Trend P-values were calculated via logistic regression using quartile medians as continuous variables; interaction P-values derived from likelihood ratio tests comparing models with and without interaction terms.