Table 1.
Summary of known rearing records among North American Cleridae and larval feeding mode on insects other than wood, stem and twig borers.
Table 2.
Summary of the collection sites in the Oaxaca coast (Mexico) and number of colonies of the different Ectatomma ruidum species sampled during 2015-2017.
Table 3.
Infestation rate of Ectatomma ruidum spp. cocoons by Phyllobaenus obscurus.
Fig 1.
Phyllobaenus obscurus (Coleoptera: Cleridae).
(A) a third-instar larva that has just emerged from the host cocoon; (B) remains of the E. ruidum sp. 3 pupa from which the mature beetle larva has emerged (the dissected cocoon can be observed); (C) Phyllobaenus obscurus adult reared from the larva that parasitized the pupa in (B). Photo credits: (A-B) Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud, (C) Humberto Bahena-Basave.
Fig 2.
Phyllobaenus obscurus larvae and remains of the host within the host cocoon.
(A) second-instar P. obscurus larva, dorsal view; (B) same, ventral view; (C) dorsal view of the head of a second-instar larva, low vacuum SEM photography; (D) an E. ruidum sp. 4 cocoon showing an exit hole after the departure of a P. obscurus larva (the ant pupa remains are visible, the white arrow pointing at a leg). Photo credits: (A,B,D) Humberto Bahena-Basave; (C) Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud and Manuel Elías-Gutiérrez.
Fig 3.
Illustrative neighbor-joining tree diagram showing the genetic relationship between our sample and the 10 most identical taxa from Blast, based on Kimura-2 genetic distances.
Numbers indicate branch lengths. Species names are followed by Genbank accession numbers and correspond to those in Genbank platform; however, some species have been synonymized as follows: Stenocallimerus is a synonym of Callimerus, Isohydnocera tabida is a synonym of Neohydnocera tabida, and Isohydnocera curtipennis is a synonym of Neohydnocera longicollis. The scale refers to Kimura 2P distance. Photo credits: Humberto Bahena-Basave.