Fig 1.
Flowchart showing the study participants’ selection process.
Table 1.
Description of independent variables for factors associated with timely ANC initiation in Ethiopia, ESPA 2021/2022.
Table 2.
Background characteristics of pregnant women and healthcare facilities in Ethiopia, 2021/2022.
Fig 2.
The percentage distribution of pregnant women by gestational age at ANC initiation in Ethiopia.
Table 3.
Comparison of models and random-effects analysis of timely antenatal care initiation in Ethiopia.
Table 4.
Determinants of timely antenatal care initiation at individual and facility level in Ethiopia: fixed-effects multilevel analysis.