Table 1.
Typical concentration ranges of major oxides and trace elements in RM.
Table 2.
Summary of water-based dealkalization studies on RM under varying experimental conditions.
Fig 1.
Field-collected wet RM samples.
Fig 2.
Experimental procedure for RM dealkalization.
Fig 3.
White crystal formations observed on the surface of air-dried RM samples.
Table 3.
Major chemical components of untreated and dealkalized RM analyzed by XRF (wt.%).
Fig 4.
SEM micrographs of samples: (a) untreated RM, (b) dealkalized RM.
Fig 5.
EDS analyses of samples: (a) untreated RM with the selected analysis area and spectrum, (b) dealkalized RM with the selected analysis area and spectrum.
Fig 6.
N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms (a) and BJH pore size distribution curves (b) of untreated and dealkalized RM.
Table 4.
Textural parameters of untreated and dealkalized RM from BET, t-plot, and BJH analyses.
Fig 7.
XRD patterns of RM: (a) untreated, (b) dealkalized RM.
Fig 8.
Grain size distribution curves of untreated and dealkalized RM determined via combined sieve and hydrometer analysis.
Table 5.
Atterberg limits of untreated and dealkalized RM.
Fig 9.
Standard Proctor compaction curves for untreated and dealkalized RM.
Fig 10.
Stress-strain curve for untreated and neutralized RM from UCS tests.
Table 6.
Swelling response of untreated and dealkalized RM.
Fig 11.
Free swell percentage of untreated and dealkalized RM.