Fig 1.
Flow chart of participants.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of middle-aged and older adult by serum 25(OH)D concentration in NHANES 2001-2018.
Table 2.
Hazard Ratios (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to serum 25(OH)D concentrations among participants with middle-aged and older adult in NHANES 2001–2018.
Table 3.
Threshold effect analysis of serum 25(OH)D concentrations on all-cause and CVD mortality in middle-aged and elderly populations.
Fig 2.
Dose–response associations of serum 25(OH)D level with risk of All-cause (a), CVD (b), Cancer (c) mortality.
The red solid line represents the estimated risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, with blue dashed lines showing 95% CI, Analyses were adjusted for Gender, Race, Education, Martial Status, BMI Group, Drinking, Smoking, CVD, Caloric intake, Physical activity, Stroke, Hypertension, Diabetes, and PIR. PIR, ratio of family income to poverty; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease.
Table 4.
Association between serum 25(OH)D and all-cause mortality according to subgroup.
Fig 3.
Survival curves for all-cause mortality by weighted Kaplan-Meier method with Log Rank test.
Fig 4.
Survival curves for cardiovascular disease mortality by weighted Kaplan-Meier method with Log Rank test.