Fig 1.
Map of Pakistan showing the Punjab province in yellow.
The magnified maps of Punjab are presenting the districts in various colors from where the sheep blood samples were collected during present investigation.
Table 1.
Comparison of Anaplasma spp., Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis prevalence among the sheep enrolled from six districts in Punjab along with the co infection data generated during present study. % prevalence of each pathogen is given in parenthesis. P –value indicates the results of Chi-square test calculated to compare the prevalence of two bacteria among the screened animals.
Table 2.
Overall comparison of Anaplasma spp., Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis prevalence among the sheep enrolled from six districts in Punjab during the present study. % prevalence is given in parentheses. P-value represents the output of one -way ANOVA test.
Table 3.
Prevalence of Anaplasma spp., Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis among the screened sheep breeds enrolled from six sampling districts in Punjab during the present study. % prevalence of pathogen is given in parentheses. P-value represents the results of the one way ANOVA test.
Table 4.
Overall association of the studied risk factors with the prevalence of Anaplasma spp., Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis among the sheep enrolled from six sampling districts in Punjab during the present study. Prevalence of pathogen (%) is given in parenthesis. P-value represents the results of Fischer’s exact test calculated for each studied parameter.
Fig 2.
Phylogenetic analysis of Anaplasma sp. based on the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence.
The three haplotypes (PV274865, PV274866 and PV274867) generated in this study are highlighted in red.
Fig 3.
Phylogenetic tree of Anaplasma ovis based on the partial msp4 gene sequences available in GenBank.
The two haplotypes (PQ855658 and PQ855659) generated in this study are highlighted in red.
Fig 4.
Phylogenetic tree of Theileria ovis based on the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences available in GenBank.
The three haplotypes (PQ836114, PQ836115 and PQ836116) generated in this study are highlighted in red.