Fig 1.
PRISMA flow diagram for the systematic review and meta-analysis of DD and associated factors among under-five children in Africa (2013 −2023).
Table 1.
Characteristics and collected information from included studies (n = 266,450).
Fig 2.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of DD among under-five children in Africa and Subgroup analysis by region (2013-2023).
Table 2.
This table indicated that Heterogeneity among the included studies.
Table 3.
Meta-regression to assess between-study variation (heterogeneity) among included studies.
Fig 3.
This figure indicates the funnel plot and Eggers test for publication bias assessment of the pooled prevalence of DD among under-five children in Africa.
Fig 4.
Sensitivity analysis to examine each study’s effect on pooled DD prevalence among under-five children in Africa.
Table 4.
Pooled effects of associated factors with diarrheal disease among children in Africa (2013-2023).