Fig 1.
3D models of skull, teeth, PDL and sutures.
Fig 2.
ATOZTM expander design.
Table 1.
Measuring distances for assessing asymmetry of the skull.
Fig 3.
Measuring points for assessing asymmetry of the skull.
Table 2.
Fig 4.
Finite element setup of symmetric (Model I) and asymmetric (Model II) skull models, and five treatment configurations.
Fig 5.
Boundary conditions, applied displacement (one activation) and mesh.
Fig 6.
Total deformation distribution in the skull (in mm).
Fig 7.
Total deformation in zygomatic bones (in mm).
Fig 8.
Equivalent strain in zygomatic and nasal bones (mm/mm).
Table 3.
The measured asymmetry index for M7 distance.
Table 4.
von Mises stress in sutures and teeth (MPa).
Fig 9.
The expansion prediction (scaled 35 times).
Fig 10.
First molars angular change.
Table 5.
Peak von Mises stress in micro-implants (MPa).
Fig 11.
von Mises stress (MPa) in micro-implants and teeth support for configuration 4 model II.