Table 1.
Coefficient values for Eq (8), where and
.
Table 2.
Coefficient expressions for Eq (11), where and
.
Fig 1.
Bifurcation (NS) diagram of system (2) for initial conditions
and h lies in [5.5,6.2], (a) prey population, (b) predator population, (c,d) local amplification, (e) Maximum lyapunov exponent.
Fig 2.
(a) Phase portrait for NS Bifurcation for different values of h. (b) 3D representation of phase portraits corresponding to
Fig 2(a).
Fig 3.
Bifurcation (NS) diagram of system (2) for initial conditions
and A lies in [0.9,1.28], (a) prey population, (b) predator population, (c) Maximum lyapunov exponent.
Fig 4.
(a) Phase portrait for NS Bifurcation for different values of A. (b) 3D representation of phase portraits corresponding to Fig 4(a).
Fig 5.
(a,b) 3D representation of Neimark-Sacker (NS) bifurcation diagrams for prey and predator populations (c–f) 2D & 3D MLEs.
Fig 6.
Bifurcation (PD) diagram of system (2) for initial conditions
and h lies in [1.55,1.8], (a) prey population, (b) predator population, (c) Maximum lyapunov exponent.
Fig 7.
(a) Phase portrait for PD Bifurcation for different values of h. (b) 3D representation of phase portraits corresponding toFig 7(a).
Fig 8.
(a,b) 3D representation of Period-doubling (PD) bifurcation diagrams for prey and predator populations (c–f) 2D & 3D MLE.
Fig 9.
NS bifurcation diagram in the star network concerning the parameter e with initial conditions
(a)
and e lies in
(b)
and e lies in
.
Fig 10.
PD bifurcation diagram in the star network concerning the parameter e with initial conditions
(a)
and e lies in
(b)
and e lies in
.
Fig 11.
Stable eigenvalue region determined via the OGY control method.