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Fig 1.

Summary of (a) one-component (b) semi-global reaction mechanism k is kinetic parameter, V stands for volatile matters and B and C refer intermediate matter.

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Fig 2.

Flowchart of this study.

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Table 1.

Solid species and trapped gases in the simulation.

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Table 1 Expand

Table 2.

Volatile and gasous species in the simulation.

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Table 3.

Multiple-Step Kinetic Model for Biomass [18,42].

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Table 4.

Distributions of LigC, LigO, LigH depending on the type of biomass.

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Table 4 Expand

Fig 3.

Schematic of mass reduction model.

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Table 5.

Simulation result with previous kinetic parameters of WP.

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Table 6.

Simulation result with previous kinetic parameters of BE.

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Table 7.

Modified multiple-step kinetic model for biomass.

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Table 7 Expand

Table 8.

Simulation result with modified kinetic parameters of WP and BE.

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Table 8 Expand

Fig 4.

Comparison of experimental and simulation results (a) WP, (b) BE.

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Table 9.

Simulation result of PP, BB and CC with modified kinetic parameters.

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Table 9 Expand

Fig 5.

Comparison of experimental and simulation results (a) PP, (b) BB, (c) CC.

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Table 10.

Energy yield calculation of R2 and RMSE of biomass.

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Table 10 Expand

Fig 6.

Comparison of experimental and simulation mass yield result (a) RC, (b) AP.

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Table 11.

Energy yield calculation of R2 and RMSE of biomass.

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Table 11 Expand

Fig 7.

Energy yield comparison between prediction and experiment results (a) WP, (b) BE, (c) PP, (d) BB, and (e) CC.

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Fig 7 Expand