Fig 1.
Foot landing adjustments in response to short and long step length targets on a monitor.
The participant used visual feedback on the monitor to match the peaks of step-length graphs with the target (the horizontal line). The Y-axis shows the real-time length of each step and a target during four steps.
Table 1.
Participants’ characteristics and baseline gait parameters. Young adults (Group I); healthy older adults (Group II); older adults with diabetes (Group III).
Fig 2.
Effects of visual feedback on errors during step shortening.
The errors in Step 1 (1) were significantly greater than those in Steps 2-3 (2). Young adults (Group I); healthy older adults (Group II); older adults with diabetes (Group III).
Fig 3.
Effects of visual feedback on errors during step lengthening.
Errors in Step 1 (1) were significantly reduced in Steps 2-3 (2). Young adults (Group I); healthy older adults (Group II); older adults with diabetes (Group III).
Fig 4.
Effects of visual feedback on errors during increasing the minimum toe clearance (MTC) when high MTC targets that were 3.5 cm higher than baseline MTC were presented.
The errors in Step 1 (1) were significantly reduced in Steps 2-3 (2). Group I (young adults), Group II (healthy older adults), and Group III (older adults with diabetes).
Fig 5.
Effects of visual feedback on errors during increasing the minimum toe clearance (MTC) when higher MTC targets that were 5.5 cm higher than baseline MTC were presented.
The errors in Step 1 (1) were significantly reduced in Steps 2-3 (2). Young adults (Group I); healthy older adults (Group II); older adults with diabetes (Group III).