Fig 1.
Schematic diagram of the research area.
(a) is the location map of the research area. (b) is the topographic map of the research area. (c) is satellite imagery (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024. The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 2.
Aerial view of Fire Zone 1 (a) and Fire Zone 3 (c); Mining disturbance geomorphology in Fire Zone 1 (b) and Fire Zone 3 (d).
Fig 3.
The distribution of fractional vegetation cover.
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) are 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024. The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 4.
The distribution of remote sensing ecological index.
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) are 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024. The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 5.
The distribution map of flat spectral shape index.
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) are 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024. The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 6.
The distribution map of surface subsidence.
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) are 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024. The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 7.
The restoration effect carried out in the early stage of (a) Fire Zone 1 and (b) Fire Zone 3 (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024.
The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 8.
Subsidence space (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), and curve (e), (g) in the mining area (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024.
The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 9.
Coal seam combustion (a), (c) and infrared thermometry map (b), (d) in Fire Zone 1 and 3 (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024.
The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).
Fig 10.
Coal mine fire area sampling data. (a) temperature, (b) humidity, (c) total nitrogen, (d) total phosphorus, and (e) available potassium (Republished from Desheng Xie under a CC BY license, with permission from Desheng Xie, original copyright 2024.
The source data was from NASA Earth Observatory).