Table 1.
MOCART 2.0 Score: Cartilage repair tissue assessment - grading and point scale.
Table 2.
Patient demographic characteristics.
Table 3.
Comparison of clinical outcomes between the smoker group and nonsmoker group following microfracture for OLT.
Table 4.
Comparison of MRI outcomes and arthroscopic findings between the smoker group and nonsmoker group following microfracture for OLT.
Fig. 1.
(A) In a 53-year-old male smoker, a preoperative coronal T2-weighted MRI shows an osteochondral lesion of the talus with fibrillated cartilage and no evidence of subchondral bone edema. (B) An arthroscopic image taken after microfracture treatment corresponds to Ferkel and Cheng stage D. (C) A follow-up T2-weighted MRI performed 3 years postoperatively reveals a minor hypointense signal and split-like defect at the repaired cartilage with mild subchondral edema (MOCART score 70 points). (D) In a 21-year-old male non-smoker, a preoperative coronal T2-weighted MRI reveals an osteochondral lesion on the talus with a fully detached but non-displaced fragment. (E) An arthroscopic image taken following microfracture treatment, classified as Ferkel and Cheng stage E. (F) A follow-up T2-weighted MRI performed 2.7 years postoperatively shows the defect completely filled with repair tissue and full integration with adjacent cartilage without subchondral change (MOCART score 85 points).
Table 5.
Comparison of final clinical outcomes between smokers and nonsmokers who underwent postoperative MRI following microfracture for OLT.