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Fig 1.

Aged buildings with tiled exteriors.

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Table 1.

Main chemical components of cement.

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Table 1 Expand

Table 2.

Relevant indicators of standard sand.

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Table 2 Expand

Table 3.

Technical parameters of PTB emulsion.

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Table 3 Expand

Fig 2.

The phase state of the PTB emulsion.

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Table 4.

Preliminary mix proportion.

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Table 5.

Orthogonal experimental mix proportion.

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Fig 3.

Schematic diagram of bond strength test specimens.

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Fig 3 Expand

Fig 4.

Bond strength.

(a) Bond strength under standard curing. (b) Bond strength under freeze-thaw and wind vibration.

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Fig 5.

Compressive-flexural ratio and water absorption.

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Fig 6.

Cumulative pore volume curve.

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Fig 7.

Differential curve of pore distribution.

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Fig 8.

Porosity, most probable pore size, and total pore area bar chart.

(a) The porosity and the most possible diameter of the D0, D1, D3, and D5 groups are presented. (b) Total pore area of the D0, D1, D3, and D5 groups are presented.

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Fig 9.

XRD analysis diagram of cement paste sample.

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Fig 10.

ESEM Micromorphology.

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Fig 11.

Bond strength.

(a) The 7 d bond strength is evaluated under various influencing factors. (b) The 14 d bond strength is evaluated under various influencing factors.

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Fig 11 Expand

Fig 12.

Bond strength after freeze-thaw and wind vibration.

(a) Bond strength under freeze-thaw cycles. (b) Bond strength after wind vibration.

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Fig 12 Expand

Fig 13.

Compressive-flexural ratio and water absorption.

(a) The compressive-flexural ratio under different influencing factors. (b) The water absorption under different influencing factors.

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Fig 14.

Residual strength ratio.

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Fig 15.

PTB reinforced cement hydration process diagram.

(a) Combine the PTB emulsion with cement. (b) Calcium ions in the cement react with the PTB emulsion. (c) The PTB emulsion gradually solidified and intermingled with hydration products to form a network structure.

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