Fig 1.
A) HepG2 cells’ growth kinetics in DMEM complete media.
Cell population was highest on day 5 (120hrs) reaching a peak of 11.825 × 105 cells/25 cm2 flask – an 18.2-fold population increase from 0-hr. B) Saturation curve for the HepG2 G-6-Pase specific activity with increasing concentrations of HepG2 protein. The peak G6Pase specific activity before enzyme’s active sites were completely saturated was 9.1ηmol/min-mgprot. C) SDS-PAGE result for the HepG2 cell line’s secreted proteins. Lane M (Control) shows the serum proteins, albumins, and globulins. Lanes 1-6, showing the proteins synthesized and stored in the cells’ cytosol, give a similar pattern for the cells from the three flasks. γ-globulins were detected while albumin, α−and β−globulins secretions were not seen.
Fig 2.
A) Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes from blood samples obtained from hospital patients in Khartoum, Sudan. B) P. falciparum sporozoites isolated from the infected Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes 15-18 days post-gametocyte blood feeding.
Table 1.
Mean percentage parasitemia of erythrocytic stage Plasmodium falciparum in three culture samples * .
Fig 3.
A) Extracellular parasites, merozoites that emerged from the infected HepG2 cells 6 days post-sporozoite inoculation. The Giemsa-stained films detected the entire sequence of the parasite’s infection into the erythrocytes. (a) Shows the merozoites locating the erythrocytes. (b) Shows the initial recognition events, the subsequent attachment to the erythrocyte membrane and junction formation on the red cells. (c-d) Shows the erythrocyte’s invagination and engulfing of the merozoite; multiple infection of the erythrocytes (unique to P. falciparum) can also be seen. (e-f) Shows the merozoite now fully internalized into the erythrocyte. B) Giemsa-stained micrographs of ring-stage Plasmodium falciparum detected 48, 96 and 144hrs post-erythrocyte addition. Parasites have a defined chromatin dot with a bluish cytoplasm. Note the multiply infected erythrocytes in (a) and (b). C) Giemsa-stained micrographs of Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites and schizonts detected 48, 96 and 144h post-erythrocyte addition. (a and b) Trophozoites’ cytoplasms are denser and their ring shapes have gradually given way to a more amoeboid structure. (c) A ruptured schizont and a developing one. (d) Another ruptured schizont and a developing one.
Table 2.
Genes of Plasmodium falciparum identified by microarray in RNA expressed by the erythrocytic parasites that developed after merozoites co-culture with erythrocytes.