Fig 1.
Low-cost Virtual Reality smartphone adapter made out of cardboard, which can be purchased as a pre-manufactured viewer or built by users following specifications published by Google.
Fig 2.
Public speaking VR experience.
The participant stands in front of the lectern, which has the talking points for the impromptu speech.
Fig 3.
HTC Vive Pro headset and wearality sky.
(A) HTC Vive Pro headset, (B) Wearality Sky, smartphone VR adapter.
Table 1.
HR intervals and corresponding events.
Fig 4.
Procedure Overview for Experiment 1 (Chronological Order).
HR: heart rate, VAS: Visual Analogue Scale.
Table 2.
Means and standard deviations of the presence subscales per device.
Fig 5.
Course of the Heart Rate (HR).
Course of the mean HR in beats per minute (bpm) per experimental interval ().
Fig 6.
Course of the Heart Rate (HR) for factor device.
Course of the mean HR in beats per minute (bpm) per experimental interval () and factor device.
Fig 7.
Still shot of the nature 360° video selected for Experiment 2 as second VE.
Fig 8.
Course of the perceived stress per condition for the public speaking task.
Fig 9.
Mean presence ratings per subscale and condition for the public speaking task.
Table 3.
Planned comparisons to examine differences between the conditions and the presence subscales (per task).
Fig 10.
Course of perceived negative affect per condition for the nature task.
Fig 11.
Course of perceived positive affect per condition for the nature task.
Fig 12.
Mean presence ratings per subscale and condition for the nature task.
Table 4.
Means and standard error for the SUS per task and condition.
Fig 13.
Individual SUS ratings per participant per task and condition.