Fig 1.
Effect of JF or NTNB on the status of survival and pathological lesions of PF in the PQ-induced mice model.
(A) Survival curves of mice of the 6 experimental groups. (B) The survival rates of mice in 6 groups. (C) The lung coefficient of mice. (D) The scores of pathological fibrosis degree of H&E stain. PQ group compare with the normal group, ##P < 0.01 or #P < 0.05; JF group and the NTNB group compare with the PQ group, **P < 0.01 or * P < 0.05. (E) H&E stain of the lung of mice in 6 groups. Scale bar = 200 μm. (F) Masson stain of the lung of mice in 6 groups. Scale bar = 200 μm. (G) Sirius red stain of the lung of mice. Scale bar = 200 μm.
Fig 2.
Effect of JF on the expression of
α-SMA and TGFβ1/Smad2,3 signaling pathway in PQ-induced PF mice model. (A) Expression of α-SMA measured by immunohistochemistry in 200 × field of microscope. (B) Expression of α-SMA measured by immunohistochemistry in 400 × field of microscope. (C) The proportion of the positive area in expression of α-SMA. (D) Expressions of listed proteins are determined by western blot. (E) The statistically analyzed of the expression of α-SMA and TGFβ1/Smad2,3 signaling pathway. PQ group compare with the normal group, ##P < 0.01 or #P < 0.05; JF group compare with the PQ group, **P < 0.01 or * P < 0.05.
Fig 3.
Metabolic spectrum analysis of the mice serum in negative ion mode.
(A) The PCA plot of mice serum in negative ion mode. (B) The OPLS-DA plot of samples in negative ion mode. (C) Heatmap of differential metabolites in mice serum in the control, PQ and JF group. (D) The permutation test of the mice serum in the negative ion mode.
Table 1.
Identification of significantly different metabolites from control, PQ, and PQ+JF groups.
Fig 4.
The integration of network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis of PQ-induced PF treatment with JF.
(A) The common targets between metabolomics and JF related. (B) The PPI network related to JF and metabolites targets. (C) The top ten targets for Degree Value of PPI network. (D) GO function enrichment analysis of PQ-induced PF treatment with JF. (E) Potential pathways of PQ-induced PF treatment with JF, based on KEGG pathway analysis.
Fig 5.
The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, p-ERK1/2, p-PI3k and p-Akt in pulmonary tissues recorded by western blot.
(A) The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, PI3k, p-PI3k, Akt and p-Akt in pulmonary tissues recorded by western blot. (B) Quantitative result of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3. (C) Quantitative result of p-ERK1/2, p-PI3k and p-Akt. Data reported in the figures are mean ± SD, PQ group compare with the normal group, ##P < 0.01 or #P < 0.05; JF group compare with the PQ group, **P < 0.01 or * P < 0.05.