Fig 1.
Precipitation and temperature during rice growing period.
Table 1.
Experimental design.
Table 2.
SPAD of rice leaves under different treatments.
Fig 2.
Rice leaf enzyme activity under different treatments.
Table 3.
Dry matter accumulation, transport and harvest index of rice under different treatments in 2022.
Table 4.
Rice yield and yield components under different treatments.
Table 5.
Nitrogen use efficiency under different treatments.
Fig 3.
Dynamics of NH3 volatilization fluxes during rice growing period under different treatments.
Fig 4.
Ammonium N and nitrate N content in surface water and soil and soil urease activity of paddy field under different treatments.
Fig 5.
Relationship between NH3 volatilization rate and NH4+-N content in surface water and soil.
Table 6.
Ammonia volatilization loss under different treatments.
Table 7.
Ammonia volatilization loss of rice growing period in paddy field.
Table 8.
Economic benefits of different treatments.