Fig 1.
Heart rate-guided basic resuscitation action plan used during Epoch 2b.
This action plan has two notable differences from the standard HBB action plan. HBB recommends that providers clear the airway of non-crying newborns if needed, followed by stimulation. HR-guided basic resuscitation recommends evaluation of HR after clearing the airway, with progression to ventilation without additional stimulation if HR<100 beats per minute (bpm) (see blue box). HBB predominately relies on assessment of chest rise to determine the effectiveness of ventilation and need for improvement of ventilation. HR-guided basic resuscitation recommends evaluation of HR after initiating ventilation, with progression to improving ventilation if HR<100bpm. Reassessments result in repeated evaluation of HR throughout the provision of ventilation (see red box). Reprinted from American Academy of Pediatrics Helping Babies Breath Action Plan [8] under a CC BY license, with permission from the American Academy of Pediatrics, original copyright 2016.
Table 1.
Provider knowledge and skill with HR-guided basic resuscitation training.
Fig 2.
This figure depicts enrollment during HBB (Epoch 2a) versus HR-guided basic resuscitation (Epoch 2b), illustrating the convenience sample of births directly observed with NeoBeat data, the proportion not breathing well and the proportion of those neonates who received BMV.
Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of livebirths.
Table 3.
Outcomes of all liveborn infants comparing HBB to HR-guided basic resuscitation.
Table 4.
Outcomes of observed liveborn newborns with heart rate data from NeoBeat who were not breathing well at 30 seconds after birth comparing HR-guided basic resuscitation to HBB.
Fig 3.
This figure depicts the time between birth and the start of BMV among liveborn newborns not breathing well by 30 seconds after birth, comparing HBB to HR-guided basic resuscitation.
Table 5.
Resuscitation practices for observed liveborn newborns not breathing well at 30 seconds after birth who also received BMV comparing HR-guided basic resuscitation to HBB.