Table 1.
Application and comparison of KC for WHR in different scenarios.
Fig 1.
The general flowchart of research methodology.
Fig 2.
System schematic diagrams for WHR in cement industry: (a) S-KC, (b) P-KC and (c) DL-KC.
Table 2.
Energy availability data for WHR in cement production.
Table 3.
Working conditions for the designed KCs.
Table 4.
Correlation coefficient of the component cost evaluation [49].
Fig 3.
Life-cycle boundary of the thermodynamic cycle.
Table 5.
Environment impact type, equivalency coefficient, standardization benchmark and weighting coefficient [3].
Table 6.
Pollutant exhaust of the per kg of steel manufacture, per kWh of power production and per tn·km of lorry transportation [52].
Fig 4.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with P1: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 5.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with Tcon: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 6.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with ΔTeva: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 7.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with ΔTsup: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 8.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with ΔTreg: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 9.
Performance variations of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC with x: (a) Wnet, (b) EPC and (c) EIL.
Fig 10.
The thermodynamic cycle’s Pareto frontier under TEOD scenario: (a) S-KC, (b) P-KC and (c) DL-KC.
Fig 11.
The thermodynamic cycle’s 3-D series of Pareto frontier under TEEOD scenario: (a) S-KC, (b) P-KC and (c) DL-KC.
Table 7.
Optimization results for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TOD scenario.
Table 8.
Optimization results for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TEOD scenario.
Table 9.
Optimization results for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TEEOD scenario.
Fig 12.
The Wnet,EPC and EIL comparisons of S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under three scenarios: (a) TOD, (b) TEOD.
Fig 13.
Analysis of ExD,EPC and EIL of each component for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TOD scenario.
Fig 14.
Analysis of ExD,EPC and EIL of each component for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TEOD scenario.
Fig 15.
Analysis of ExD,EPC and EIL of each component for S-KC, P-KC and DL-KC under TEEOD scenario.