Fig 1.
PRILE 2021 flowchart.
Table 1.
Group distribution according to the activation methods investigated.
Fig 2.
Representative SEM images of groups and places investigated.
Table 2.
Gambarini and Laszkiewicz [29] proposed a scoring system to classify the removal of smear layers.
Table 3.
Statistical data regarding the smear layer removal comparing the four methods evaluated at each root canal level.
Table 4.
A pairwise comparison considers the root canal levels at each root canal level.