Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for the total sample and stratified by gender.
Table 2.
Model fit statistics.
Fig 1.
Final model (model 2) with gambling problems regressed (model 6).
Loadings and beta coefficients are standardized, and item loadings under each factor are averaged for simplicity. All items significantly loaded into their respective factors (p ≤ .001). Significant path relationships are indicated with ** for p ≤ .001 and * for p < .05. Regression totals include separate values for men and women in parentheses, respectively. PGSI: Problem Gambling Severity Index [20], ESI: Externalizing Spectrum Inventory [18], IDAS-II: Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II [22], TD: Thought Disorder Scale [19].