Table 1.
The descriptive statistics of the items.
Table 2.
Internal consistency, averages and standard deviations for the IESES.
Fig 1.
The confirmatory factor analysis of the IESES.
Note: Ldr ‐ Leadership; Tcu ‐ Technology utilization; Mrk ‐ Internet marketing and e-commerce.
Table 3.
Goodness-of-fit indices of the CFAs.
Table 4.
The gender invariance for IESES.
Table 5.
Convergent and discriminant validity.
Table 6.
Intercorrelations between IESES and the other measures (IEIS and EIQ)*.
Fig 2.
Nodes represent items of the IESES.
Table 7.
Centrality indicators per items.