Fig 1.
Note: F = family and friends, I = institutions.
Fig 2.
Mental well-being across EU member states and survey rounds.
Note: The weighted means of the mental well-being index–standardised to lie between 0 and 1 –are shown for the final samples used in the analysis. Round 1 was conducted in spring 2020 (between 9 April and 11 June 2020), round 2 in summer 2020 (between 22 June and 27 July), round 3 in spring 2021 (between 15 February and 30 March 2021) and round 5 in spring 2022 (between 24 March and 2 May 2022). Round 1 indices–represented by the grey bar–are in ascending order; the darker grey bar refers to the EU27 aggregate. Source: Living, Working and COVID-19 (Eurofound), own calculations.
Fig 3.
Gender mental well-being differential across EU member states and survey rounds.
Note: The difference in the weighted means of the mental well-being index–standardised to lie between 0 and 1 –between males and females is shown for the final samples used in the analysis. Positive values indicate a mental well-being advantage among males over females. Round 1 was conducted in spring 2020 (between 9 April and 11 June 2020), round 2 in summer 2020 (between 22 June and 27 July), round 3 in spring 2021 (between 15 February and 30 March 2021) and round 5 in spring 2022 (between 24 March and 2 May 2022). Round 1 indices–represented by the grey bar–are in ascending order; the darker grey bar refers to the EU27 aggregate. Source: Living, Working and COVID-19 (Eurofound), own calculations.
Table 1.
Direct and indirect effects of WFH.
Table 2.
Direct and indirect effects of WFH by gender: WFH.
Table 3.
Direct and indirect effects of WFH by gender: WFH intensity.