Table 1.
Summary statistics of diversity indices of 147 soybean accessions based on SNP markers.
Fig 1.
Distribution and density of filtered SNPs across 20 soybean chromosomes.
The horizontal axis represents the chromosome length, the SNP density in each region is indicated at the bottom right.
Fig 2.
Population structure of 147 soybean breeding lines from the IITA breeding program, Ibadan on the basis of ADMIXTURE analysis with the subpopulations set at K = 4 via 7,083 high-quality SNPs.
The colors correspond to the four subpopulations: Subpopulation 1 (red), Subpopulation 2 (blue), Subpopulation 3 (green) and Subpopulation 4 (cyan), determined by a membership coefficient greater than70%.
Fig 3.
Summary of discriminant analysis of principal component (DAPC) for 147 soybean accessions, illustrating the ordination plot of DAPC for the four groups.
Eigenvalues are displayed in the upper-left inset. Genetic groups or clusters are represented by distinct colors and inertia ellipses, with individual genotypes indicated by dots.
Fig4.
Hierarchical clustering analysis based on 7,083 DArT-SNP markers, depicting the genetic relationships among 147 soybean accessions from the IITA, Ibadan breeding programme.
Fig 5.
Principal component analysis plot showing the clustering of 147 soybean breeding accessions into four clusters.
Each cluster is represented by a distinct color: Cluster 1 (red), Cluster 2 (yellow), Cluster 3 (green), Cluster 4 (blue), and admixed individuals (pink).
Table 2.
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), population differentiation (PhiPT), and gene flow (Nm) within and among soybean populations.
Table 3.
Pairwise population comparison using population differentiation (PhiPT), and gene flow (Nm) values based on 999 permutations from AMOVA according to Hierarchical Cluster analysis.