Fig 1.
A flowchart showing the selection of study participants.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants classified by CKD, weighted.
Fig 2.
Pairwise Pearson correlations among anthropometric indices.
Anthropometric indices were sex-specific z-scores transformed. BMI, Body Mass Index; WC, waist circumference; ABSI, A Body Shape Index; BRI, Body Roundness Index; WHtR, Waist-to-Height Ratio; C-index, Conicity Index.
Table 2.
Logistics regression for the associations between CKD and sex-specific z-scores of anthropometric indices, weighted.
Table 3.
Logistics regression for the associations between CKD and quantiles of anthropometric indices, weighted.
Table 4.
Logistics regression analysis for the associations between decreased kidney function (eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) and sex-specific z-scores of anthropometric indices, weighted.
Table 5.
Logistics regression analysis for the associations between proteinuria (UACR ≥ 30 mg/g) and sex-specific z-scores of anthropometric indices, weighted.
Fig 3.
The dose–response association between anthropometric and CKD.
The dose-response relationship was evaluated using restricted cubic spline regression for WC(a), BMI (b), ABSI (c), and C-index (d) and CKD, with covariates adjusted as in model 3. The odds ratio is represented by the red line and the 95% confidence interval is shown in pink.
Fig 4.
Association between the sex-specific z-score of ABSI and CKD in subgroup and tests for interaction, with covariates adjusted as in model 3.
* p < 0.05. The number of CKD cases per category for categorical variables is as follows: for age, there are 1448 cases in the <60 group and 2686 cases in the ≥60 group; for race, there are 937 cases among Black individuals and 3197 cases among others; for hypertension, there are 1507 cases with no hypertension and 2627 cases with hypertension; for diabetes mellitus, there are 2427 cases without diabetes and 1707 cases with diabetes; for cardiovascular disease, there are 3068 cases without cardiovascular disease and 1066 cases with cardiovascular disease. For continuous variables, the number of CKD cases per group is as follows: for diet energy, there are 1755 cases in the <1622 kcal/day group, 1346 cases in the 1622–2255 kcal/day group, and 1033 cases in the ≥2255 kcal/day group; for MET, there are 2194 cases in the <600 min/week group, 1245 cases in the 600–4000 min/week group, and 695 cases in the ≥4000 min/week group.
Fig 5.
Association between the sex-specific z-score of C-index and CKD in subgroup and tests for interaction, with covariates adjusted as in model 3.
* p <0.05.
Fig 6.
ROC curves for the prediction of CKD by anthropometric indices, weighted.
Table 6.
Area under the ROC curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals for the prediction of CKD by anthropometric indices.