Fig 1.
Illustration of a PBB resampling a PC time series composed of a PC component A with period pA, and non-PC components.
The PBB resamples blocks of size pA from all components, replicating the PC structure of component A while simultaneously resampling from the non-PC components.
Fig 2.
Illustration of VBPBB resampling a PC time series composed of a PC component A with period pA, and non-PC components.
The VBPBB first bandpass filters to pass PC component A, while reducing non-PC components. VBPBB then resamples blocks of size pA from the bandpass filtered components, replicating the PC structure of component A while limiting replication of the non-PC components.
Fig 3.
The energy transfer function for KZ and KZFT filters of different values of argument m.
The energy transfer function at different frequency shifts for a KZ filter centered at frequency zero, or equivalently a KZFT filter centered at frequency ν, with arguments k = 1 and m = 5 in red, m = 11 in orange, m = 21 in green, m = 41 in blue, and m = 81 in purple.
Fig 4.
The energy transfer function for KZ and KZFT filters of different values of argument k.
Energy transfer functions at different frequency shifts for a KZ filter centered at frequency zero, or equivalently a KZFT filter centered at frequency ν, arguments m = 5 and k = 1 in red, k = 2 in orange, k = 3 in green, k = 4 in blue, and k = 5 in purple.
Fig 5.
Simulated PC time series and PC component reconstruction.
(From top) Example of simulated PC component with p = 50, noise component, observed PC time series summing components, and a bandpass filter reconstruction of the PC component with original PC component in red.
Fig 6.
PBB and VBPBB 95% CI bands for a simulated PC component.
Example of a simulated PC component with p = 50 in green, 95% CI band for the periodic mean from PBB in red and the 95% CI band for the periodic mean from VBPBB in blue.
Table 1.
Median ratio of 95% CI sizes for the periodic means comparing PBB to VBPBB.
Table 2.
Median difference of the square of correlation between the periodic means and the true PC component for VBPBB subtracting that from PBB.
Table 3.
Median difference in percentage of the PC component time series falling outside a 95% CI for the periodic means for VBPBB subtracting that from PBB.
Table 4.
Median ratio of 95% CI sizes for the periodic means comparing PBB to VBPBB.